Perhaps more than ever, we need to invest in the study of the causes and consequences of crises. Since its founding in 1975, the International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Project has aimed to better equip academics, policymakers, and the next generation of engaged citizens to make sense of why crises arise and how they can be more effectively managed and prevented. The ICB Project’s data holdings consist of full-length qualitative case studies, along with an expanding range of quantitative datasets that include information regarding the characteristics of the states in crisis, crisis behavior, attempts at third-party crisis management, the role of nonstate actors, and the system-level context. A Century of International Crisis Behavior summarizes the evolving patterns of international crisis behavior in the more than 500 cases cataloged since 1918, provides an accounting of the state of the scholarship to make sense of the patterns, and presents new findings that advance our understanding. Chapters are grouped according to their level of analysis: studies of systems, dyads, and states. The authors highlight what we have learned and what we have yet to learn regarding the prevention, escalation, and de-escalation of international crises.

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How did nobility try to live up to its exalted social position? With this volume, the Institut für niederrheinische Kulturgeschichte und Regionalentwicklung (InKuR) at the University of Duisburg-Essen, in cooperation with Gerd Dethlefs, has focused on the culture of nobility in the Lower Rhine-Westphalian region. The focus lies on the methods of conflict resolution within this social class in the Middle Ages and early modern period, from duels to court proceedings. Furthermore, an exhibition at the Ruhr Museum on the nobility in the Ruhr region, which was on display in the city of Essen in 2021/22, is presented. Other contributions are dealing with the Christian missionization of the Lower Rhine region and the siege of the city of Moers by Royal Spanish troops during the Eighty Years' War. A fundamental account of the relationship between the Dutch and German languages rounds off the volume.

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Aftermath: Genocide, Memory and History examines how genocide is remembered and represented in both popular and scholarly memory, integrating scholarship on the Holocaust with the study of other genocides through a comparative framework. Scholars from a range of disciplines re-evaluate narratives of past conflict to explore how memory of genocide is mobilised in the aftermath, tracing the development and evolution of memory through the lenses of national identities, colonialism, legal history, film studies, gender, the press, and literary studies.

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A unique focus on the issue of agency in minority language revitalisation in Europe. This book addresses the question of agency in the revitalisation of minoritised languages in Europe, with each chapter presenting an ethnographic account of how language policy operates in a specific linguistic context. The chapters investigate how grassroots actors shape revitalisation, and how individuals and groups negotiate historical factors, motivations, and institutionalised initiatives and policies in a variety of efforts. Between them the chapters address both contexts where social actors have gained and exerted agency in their revitalisation efforts, and contexts where issues of authority, authenticity and lack of engagement plague efforts; these chapters provide insights into how social actors work within and against social conventions and strictures. This book is available Open Access under a CC BY ND License.

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Nietzsche’s concept of the agon or Wettkampf, a measured and productive form of conflict inspired by ancient Greek culture, has attracted a good deal of interest in Nietzsche studies and beyond. This book, by a leading expert on the topic, brings together research conducted over 20 years with a focus on the agon as a model or cypher for Nietzsche’s philosophical practice and its implications for his project of critical transvaluation (Umwertung).

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Animal Narratology interrogates what it means to narrate, to speak—speak for, on behalf of—and to voice, or represent life beyond the human, which is in itself as different as insects, bears, and dogs are from each other, and yet more, as individual as a single mouse, horse, or puma. The varied contributions to this interdisciplinary Special Issue highlight assumptions about the human perception of, attitude toward, and responsibility for the animals that are read and written about, thus demonstrating that just as “the animal” does not exist, neither does “the human”. In their zoopoetic focus, the analyses are aware that animal narratology ultimately always contains an approximation of an animal perspective in human terms and terminology, yet they make clear that what matters is how the animal is approximated and that there is an effort to approach and encounter the non-human in the first place. Many of the analyses come to the conclusion that literary animals give readers the opportunity to expand their own points of view both on themselves and others by adopting another’s perspective to the degree that such an endeavor is possible. Ultimately, the contributions call for a recognition of the many spaces, moments, and modes in which human lives are entangled with those of animals—one of which is located within the creative bounds of storytelling.

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Land Grabbing, die Industrialisierung der Landwirtschaft und damit einhergehende Konflikte um Land nehmen seit Mitte der 2000er Jahre stetig zu. Landarbeiter*innen sind zentrale Akteure in diesem Kontext, finden in der wissenschaftlichen und entwicklungspolitischen Debatte jedoch kaum Beachtung. Jan Brunner nimmt sich dieser Leerstelle an und erforscht in seiner Studie des Zuckerrohrsektors die Auswirkungen agrarindustrieller Transformationen auf Landarbeiter*innen im Bundesstaat São Paulo (Brasilien). Aus arbeitssoziologischer und klassentheoretischer Perspektive analysiert er, wie sich Arbeitsverhältnisse sowie Arbeitskämpfe verändern und welche Herausforderungen, aber auch Chancen sich dadurch für die Organisierung und Kämpfe von Landarbeiter*innen ergeben.

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Attention in the AI safety community has increasingly started to include strategic considerations of coordination between relevant actors in the field of AI and AI safety, in addition to the steadily growing work on the technical considerations of building safe AI systems. This shift has several reasons: Multiplier effects, pragmatism, and urgency. Given the benefits of coordination between those working towards safe superintelligence, this book surveys promising research in this emerging field regarding AI safety. On a meta-level, the hope is that this book can serve as a map to inform those working in the field of AI coordination about other promising efforts. While this book focuses on AI safety coordination, coordination is important to most other known existential risks (e.g., biotechnology risks), and future, human-made existential risks. Thus, while most coordination strategies in this book are specific to superintelligence, we hope that some insights yield “collateral benefits” for the reduction of other existential risks, by creating an overall civilizational framework that increases robustness, resiliency, and antifragility.

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How are the structures of power and the notion of agency among Syrian women during the recent Syrian conflict connected? To explore this matter, Rand El Zein investigates gender politics around displacement, conflict, the body, and the nation. In doing so, she outstandingly reconciles critical media theory as myriad and productive with the theoretical concepts on subjectivity, power, performativity, neoliberalism, and humanitarian governance. The book examines how the Arab television news discursively represented the experiences of Syrian women during the conflict in relation to the four main concepts: violence, vulnerability, resilience, and resistance.

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This book critically examines the range of policies and programmes that attempt to manage economic activity that contributes to political violence. It offers a new framework for understanding both the problem of economic activity in conflict zones as well as programmes aimed at managing these and transforming them into more peaceful economic and political relationships. Through this examination, both the problems of liberal modes of peacebuilding, implemented by the development-security industry, and opportunities for policy innovation are explored.Useful charts and frameworks throughout the book provide the reader with a range of analytical tools that can be easily used to explore war economies and related policies in a range of contexts, making this book an essential read for students, policy makers and aid practitioners working in a range of disciplines and conflict-affected areas.

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This book critically examines the range of policies and programmes that attempt to manage economic activity that contributes to political violence. It offers a new framework for understanding both the problem of economic activity in conflict zones as well as programmes aimed at managing these and transforming them into more peaceful economic and political relationships. Through this examination, both the problems of liberal modes of peacebuilding, implemented by the development-security industry, and opportunities for policy innovation are explored.Useful charts and frameworks throughout the book provide the reader with a range of analytical tools that can be easily used to explore war economies and related policies in a range of contexts, making this book an essential read for students, policy makers and aid practitioners working in a range of disciplines and conflict-affected areas.

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This book investigates the experiences and issues involved with extension systems in post-conflict settings; evaluates the impact of different extension policy approaches and practice in such settings; and identifies the key elements needed to effectively rebuild agricultural extension systems and programs in post-conflict contexts. The chapters contain country-specific case studies that provide a descriptive account but also analyze strategies, successes and failures, and lessons learned. A synthesis chapter provides comparative analysis of insights across post-conflict settings. Overall, the book serves as a collective volume for use by governments, practitioners, and academics in extension policy-making and programming, and contributes to post-conflict, political science, and agricultural extension literature.

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This book investigates the experiences and issues involved with extension systems in post-conflict settings; evaluates the impact of different extension policy approaches and practice in such settings; and identifies the key elements needed to effectively rebuild agricultural extension systems and programs in post-conflict contexts. The chapters contain country-specific case studies that provide a descriptive account but also analyze strategies, successes and failures, and lessons learned. A synthesis chapter provides comparative analysis of insights across post-conflict settings. Overall, the book serves as a collective volume for use by governments, practitioners, and academics in extension policy-making and programming, and contributes to post-conflict, political science, and agricultural extension literature.

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This book explores the role of Catholic peacebuilding in addressing the global mining industry. Mining is intimately linked to issues of conflict, human rights, sustainable development, governance, and environmental justice. As an institution of significant scope and scale with a large network of actors at all levels and substantial theoretical and ethical resources, the Catholic Church is well positioned to acknowledge the essential role of mining, while challenging unethical and harmful practices, and promoting integral peace, development, and ecology. Drawing together theology, ethics, and praxis, the volume reflects the diversity of Catholic action on mining and the importance of an integrated approach. It includes contributions by an international and interdisciplinary range of scholars and practitioners. They examine Catholic action on mining in El Salvador, Peru, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Philippines. They also address general issues of corporate social responsibility, human rights, development, ecology, and peacebuilding. The book will be of interest to scholars of theology, social ethics, and Catholic studies as well as those specializing in development, ecology, human rights, and peace studies.

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This book explores the role of Catholic peacebuilding in addressing the global mining industry. Mining is intimately linked to issues of conflict, human rights, sustainable development, governance, and environmental justice. As an institution of significant scope and scale with a large network of actors at all levels and substantial theoretical and ethical resources, the Catholic Church is well positioned to acknowledge the essential role of mining, while challenging unethical and harmful practices, and promoting integral peace, development, and ecology. Drawing together theology, ethics, and praxis, the volume reflects the diversity of Catholic action on mining and the importance of an integrated approach. It includes contributions by an international and interdisciplinary range of scholars and practitioners. They examine Catholic action on mining in El Salvador, Peru, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Philippines. They also address general issues of corporate social responsibility, human rights, development, ecology, and peacebuilding. The book will be of interest to scholars of theology, social ethics, and Catholic studies as well as those specializing in development, ecology, human rights, and peace studies.

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The present reprint aimed to present original research articles and reviews concerning the following:Access: affordability, allocation, and preference of food;Availability: the production, distribution, and exchange of food;Circularity in food systems at local, regional, or global levels;The development, impact, and ethics of novel and data-driven technologies in food systems;Food security and policy, governance, institutions, and trade;Influencing food consumption and demand regarding the food environment;The stability and dynamics of food security aspects;Sustainable food systems and agro-ecological food production;Utilization: the nutritional value, social value, and safety of food.

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An in-depth study of the complex situation in Colombia; extensive research involving a broad range of participants. Drawing on a broad research on historical, geographical and socio-political context of the Colombian conflict, the book explores the role of children entangled in the military fighting. Following the case studies of minors, starting from the recruitment up to the disengagement, the authors seek to understand the process itself and to analyze various support methods offered to the affected children. Weaving together different points of view, coming from the children, and from the workers of the organizations offering help, the book gives an engaging and dramatic overview of the phenomenon of child soldiers.

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Research on security-related aspects of climate change is an important element of climate change impact assessments. Hamburg has become a globally recognized center of pertinent analysis of the climate-conflict-nexus. The essays in this collection present a sample of the research conducted from 2009 to 2018 within an interdisciplinary cooperation of experts from Universität Hamburg and other institutions in Hamburg related to the research group “Climate Change and Security” (CLISEC). This collection of critical assessments covers a broad understanding of security, ranging from the question of climate change as a cause of violent conflict to conditions of human security in the Anthropocene. The in-depth analyses utilize a wide array of methodological approaches, from agent-based modeling to discourse analysis.

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This book examines how the thinking towards international relations of political leaders, researchers, the media and the public is fundamentally metaphorical in nature: the abstract and far away constantly made concrete and familiar through the imaginative rationality of metaphors. It delves into ten competing structural metaphors: international relations as natural selection, as family dynamics, as balancing operations, as building and constructing, as games and play, as business and trade, as journeys and paths, as musical performances, as health or sickness and as puzzles and riddles. Drawing attention to the important role of metaphors in grasping this field and providing explanations for its events and motives for its actors, this study will appeal to scholars and students of International Relations and World Politics. For experts on metaphor theory or cognitive linguistics, this book will offer practical examples and speculate on the concrete consequences of adopting different metaphorical schemes.

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The most evident aspect of biodiversity is the variety of complex forms and behaviors among organisms, both living and extinct. Comparative molecular and physiological studies show that the evolution of complex phenotypic traits involves multiple levels of biological organization (i.e. genes, chromosomes, organelles, cells, individual organisms, species, etc.). Regardless of the specific molecular mechanisms and details, the evolution of different complex biological organizations share a commonality: cooperation and conflict among the parts of the biological unit under study. The potential for conflict among parts is abundant. How then do complex systems persist, given the necessity of cooperative behavior for their maintenance, when the potential for conflict occurs across all levels of biological organization? In this Research Topic and eBook we present ideas and work on the question, how coexistence of biological components at different levels of organization persists in the face of antagonistic, conflicting or even exploitative behavior of the parts? The goal of this topic is in presenting examples of cooperation and conflict at different levels of biological organization to discuss the consequences that this “tension” have had in the diversification and emergence of novel phenotypic traits. Exemplary cases are studies investigating: the evolution of genomes, formation of colonial aggregates of cells, biofilms, the origin and maintenance of multicellular organisms, and the stable coexistence of multispecies consortia producing a cooperative product. Altogether, we hope that the contributions to this Research Topic build towards mechanistic knowledge of the biological phenomenon of coexistence in the face of conflict. We believe that knowledge on the mechanisms of the origin and evolutionary maintenance of cooperation has implications beyond evolutionary biology such as novel approaches in controlling microbial infections in medicine and the modes by studies in synthetic biology are conducted when designing economically important microbial consortia.The most evident aspect of biodiversity is the variety of complex forms and behaviors among organisms, both living and extinct. Comparative molecular and physiological studies show that the evolution of complex phenotypic traits involves multiple levels of biological organization (i.e. genes, chromosomes, organelles, cells, individual organisms, species, etc.). Regardless of the specific molecular mechanisms and details, the evolution of different complex biological organizations share a commonality: cooperation and conflict among the parts of the biological unit under study. The potential for conflict among parts is abundant. How then do complex systems persist, given the necessity of cooperative behavior for their maintenance, when the potential for conflict occurs across all levels of biological organization? In this Research Topic and eBook we present ideas and work on the question, how coexistence of biological components at different levels of organization persists in the face of antagonistic, conflicting or even exploitative behavior of the parts? The goal of this topic is in presenting examples of cooperation and conflict at different levels of biological organization to discuss the consequences that this “tension” have had in the diversification and emergence of novel phenotypic traits. Exemplary cases are studies investigating: the evolution of genomes, formation of colonial aggregates of cells, biofilms, the origin and maintenance of multicellular organisms, and the stable coexistence of multispecies consortia producing a cooperative product. Altogether, we hope that the contributions to this Research Topic build towards mechanistic knowledge of the biological phenomenon of coexistence in the face of conflict. We believe that knowledge on the mechanisms of the origin and evolutionary maintenance of cooperation has implications beyond evolutionary biology such as novel approaches in controlling microbial infections in medicine and the modes by studies in synthetic biology are conducted when designing economically important microbial consortia.

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Conflict, Heritage and World-Making in the Chaco documents and interprets the physical remains and afterlives of the Chaco War (1932-35) – known as South America’s first ‘modern’ armed conflict – in what is now present-day Paraguay. It focuses not only on archaeological remains as conventionally understood, but takes an ontological approach to heterogeneous assemblages of objects, texts, practices and landscapes shaped by industrial war and people’s past and present engagements with them. These assemblages could be understood to constitute a ‘dark heritage’, the debris of a failed modernity. Yet it is clear that they are not simply dead memorials to this bloody war, but have been, and continue to be active in making, unmaking and remaking worlds – both for the participants and spectators of the war itself, as well as those who continue to occupy and live amongst the vast accretions of war matériel which persist in the present. Framing the study as an exploration of modern, industrialised warfare as Anthropocene ‘hyperobject’ (Morton 2013), This book shows how the material culture and heritage of modern conflict fuse together objects, people and landscapes, connecting them physically and conceptually across vast, almost unimaginable distances and time periods. She offers a unique perspective on the heritage of conflict, the natural environment, practices of recycling, the concept of time, and the idea of the ‘Anthropocene’ itself, as seen through the lens of the material legacies of war, which remain firmly and stubbornly embedded in the present and which continue to actively shape the future. This book makes a major contribution to key debates in anthropology, archaeology, critical heritage and material culture studies on the significance of conflict in understanding the Anthropocene, and the roles played by its persistent heritages in assembling worlds.

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This book provides an empirically formulated foundation for conflict-sensitive conservation, a field in which the existing literature relies primarily on anecdotal evidence. Seeking to better understand the impact of conflict on the implementation and outcomes of environmental projects, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Independent Evaluation Office and the Environmental Law Institute undertook an evaluation of GEF support to fragile and conflict-affected contexts. Following a qualitative and quantitative analysis of documents from more than 4,000 projects, the research team discovered a statistically significant negative correlation between a country’s Fragile States Index score and the implementation quality of environmental projects in that country. In this book, the evaluation and research team explain these groundbreaking findings in detail, highlighting seven key case studies: Afghanistan, Albertine Rift, Balkans, Cambodia, Colombia, Lebanon, and Mali. Drawing upon additional research and interviews with GEF project implementation staff, the volume illustrates the pathways through which conflict and fragility frequently impact environmental projects. It also examines how practitioners and sponsoring institutions can plan and implement their projects to avoid or mitigate these issues and find opportunities to promote peacebuilding through their environmental interventions. Examining data from 164 countries and territories, this innovative book will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental management, conservation, international development, and the fast-growing field of environmental peacebuilding. It will also be a great resource for practitioners working in these important fields. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

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This book stands as a seminal contribution to the discipline, whichaddress a critical gap in Middle Eastern Studies by moving beyondthe reductionist narrative of “chronic chaos” to dissect the structuralmetamorphosis of the region in the twenty-first century. Whileexisting literature often treats security, political economy, and socialtransformation in isolation, this book offers a holistic, multidisciplinaryframework that bridges the divide between “hard” security concernssuchas proxy warfare and asymmetric conflicts-and “soft” securityissues, including identity politics, ethno-nationalist dimensions,migration, and environmental degradation. By challenging establishedinternational relations paradigms that have failed to capture the post-2011 reality, the work provides an essential epistemological shift,offering scholars, policymakers, and readers of the field a rigorous lensthrough which to understand the collapse of traditional social contractsand the emergence of a multipolar regional order. The breadth of the analysis is reflected in its comprehensivethematic scope, which scrutinises the most pivotal developments ofthis era. The contributors navigate a complex array of topics, rangingfrom the geopolitical implications of the “Shia Crescent” and Iran’sgrand strategy to the resilience of authoritarianism following the Arabuprising protests. The volume critically examines the tragic trajectoryfrom the Oslo Accords to the crisis in Gaza, the evolving role of extraregionalpowers like China and the US, and the shifting geopolitics ofenergy in the Eastern Mediterranean and Saudi Arabia. Furthermore,by integrating cutting-edge discussions on non-state armed actors,the political economy of capitalism, and the weaponisation of climatediplomacy, this book asserts itself as an indispensable resource forunderstanding the dynamic and interconnected forces shaping thefuture of the Middle East.

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The twenty-first century has been deemed the “Age of Crisis”. We are witnessing the catastrophic unfolding of environmental crisis, financial crisis, pandemic and conflict. But are we to understand these crises as new phenomena? Is their seemingly simultaneous existence purely coincidental? Or rather do they instead form part of a singular, historically produced, unfolding crisis, which only today has reached a generalised consciousness? And perhaps most urgently, how far can we separate the crises of human experience from those exacted upon the land? The chapters collected in Crisis and Body Politics in Twenty-First Century Cultural Production: Territorial Bodies deploy the framework of “Territorial Bodies” to address urgent social, ecological and political challenges. Examining themes such as (inter)national bodily governance, racialised bodies, eco-feminist movements, spatial justice and bodily displacement, this collection provides a deeper analysis of the interconnected forms of violence perpetrated against marginalised human and non-human bodies, taking this combined violence as the defining feature of contemporary crisis.

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It is an article of faith in America that scientific advances will lead to wondrous progress in our daily lives. Americans proudly support scientific research that yields stunning breakthroughs and Nobel prizes. We relish the ensuing debate about the implications—moral, ethical, practical—of these advances. Will genetic engineering change our basic nature? Will artificial intelligence challenge our sense of human uniqueness? And yet the actual implementation of these technologies is often sluggish and much-delayed. From Star Trek to Jurassic Park, the American imagination has always been fascinated by the power of scientific technology. But what does the reality of scientific progress mean for our society? In this controversial book, Steven Goldberg provides a compelling look at the intersection of two of America's most powerful communities—law and science—to explain this apparent contradiction. Rarely considered in tandem, law and science highlight a fundamental paradox in the American character, the struggle between progress and process. Science, with its ethic of endless progress, has long fit beautifully with America's self image. Law, in accordance with the American ideal of giving everyone a fair say, stresses process above all else, seeking an acceptable, rather than a scientifically correct, result. This characteristic has been especially influential in light of the explosive growth of the legal community in recent years. Exposing how the legal system both supports and restricts American science and technology, Goldberg considers the role and future of three projects—artificial intelligence, nuclear fusion, and the human genome initiative—to argue for a scientific vision that infuses research with social goals beyond the pure search for truth. Certain to provoke debate within a wide range of academic and professional communities, Culture Clash reveals one of the most important and defining conflicts in contemporary American life.

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This book includes studies of main conflict areas in modern Western societies where religion has been a central element, ranging from popular movements and narratives of opposition to challenges of religious satire and anti-clerical critique. Special attention is given to matters of politics and gender. With this theme, it provides a useful guide to conflict areas in modern European religious history.

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Sophokles' Antigone gehört zu den meistbearbeiteten Stoffen der Antike. Aber was macht sie so kultur- und zeitübergreifend anschlussfähig? Marcus Llanque und Katja Sarkowsky führen dies auf eine spezifische Konfliktstruktur zurück, die sie mit dem Begriff des »antigonistischen Konflikts« fassen. Sie untersuchen, wie Literatur und Politische Theorie seit ca. 1990 das jeweilige Prononcieren der unterschiedlichen Konfliktlinien Antigones als produktive Linse nutzen, um politische und gesellschaftliche Konflikte im Kontext multikultureller Demokratien auszuhandeln und die Grenzen unseres demokratischen Selbstverständnisses auszuloten.

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In this study, Till Stüber analyzes loyalty conflicts between bishops and kings in post-Roman Gaul. He examines the political or social factors that resulted in these conflicts, and also explores the solutions that were found to avoid them. His approach offers fresh insights into the relationship between kings and bishops in this period.

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Der Syrienkonflikt begegnet uns seit seinen Anfängen vor allem in Videos, die zunächst mit Smartphones, später auch mit hochauflösenden Actionkameras aufgenommen wurden. Verbreitet über das Internet werden diese Videos von einer internationalen Berichterstattung, aber auch von Kunst- und Filmschaffenden aufgegriffen. Mareike Meis entwickelt in diesem Kontext eine Forschungsperspektive, die auf innovative Weise Videos der Gewalt und des Todes für einen wissenschaftlichen Zugriff erschließbar und damit verbundene aktivistische, jihadistische und rechtspopulistische Praktiken im Spannungsfeld von Ästhetisierung und Politisierung kritisierbar macht.

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»Freiheit« findet als politisch-rechtliche Leitidee der Moderne weitreichende Zustimmung. Bei näherem Hinsehen zeigen sich gleichwohl höchst unterschiedliche Deutungen und Akzentuierungen. Darüber hinaus ist der Freiheitsbegriff semantischen Umkehrungen ausgesetzt, die sogar darauf hinauslaufen können, faktische Unfreiheit als höchste Freiheit auszugeben. Die interdisziplinären Beiträge sprechen sich für ein anspruchsvolles Freiheitsverständnis aus und legen ihr Augenmerk nicht zuletzt auf die relationale Dimension von Freiheitspraxen.

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Der Konflikt zwischen der Türkei und der kurdischen Bevölkerung hat eine lange und verwobene Geschichte. Um die gegenwärtigen Spannungen und die Konsequenzen der staatlichen Politik verstehen zu können, ist ein Blick in die Vergangenheit unumgänglich. Ismail Küpeli nimmt sich dieses Komplexes an und analysiert vor dem Hintergrund der historischen Entwicklungen die autoritäre und gewaltsame Durchsetzung von Nationalstaatlichkeit in der Türkei. Auf dieser Grundlage formuliert er darüber hinaus Empfehlungen für eine politische Bildung, die einen Beitrag zur Anerkennung von Pluralität und Diversität sowie zu einem gesellschaftlichen Friedensprozess liefern kann.

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A multidisciplinary approach that involves multiple sectors and stakeholders is essential for disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change. This Special Issue explores how interdisciplinary approaches could resolve a wide range of issues, including risk and damage assessment, behavior change, investment, and evidence-based policy formulation.

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All countries, regions and institutions are ultimately built on a degree of consensus, on a collective commitment to a concept, belief or value system. This consensus is continuously rephrased and reinvented through a narrative of cohesion and challenged by expressions of discontent and discord. The history of the Low Countries is characterised by both a striving for consensus and eruptions of discord, both internally and from external challenges. This interdisciplinary volume explores consensus and discord in a Low Countries context along broad cultural, linguistic and historical lines. Disciplines represented include early-modern and contemporary history; art history; film; literature; and translation scholars from both the Low Countries and beyond. 

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All countries, regions and institutions are ultimately built on a degree of consensus, on a collective commitment to a concept, belief or value system. This consensus is continuously rephrased and reinvented through a narrative of cohesion and challenged by expressions of discontent and discord. The history of the Low Countries is characterised by both a striving for consensus and eruptions of discord, both internally and from external challenges. This interdisciplinary volume explores consensus and discord in a Low Countries context along broad cultural, linguistic and historical lines. Disciplines represented include early-modern and contemporary history; art history; film; literature; and translation scholars from both the Low Countries and beyond. 

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license

This open access book discusses political, economic, social, and humanitarian challenges that influence both how people deal with their past and how they build their identities in contemporary Europe. Ongoing debates on migration, on local, national, inter- and transnational levels, prove that it is a divisive issue with regards to understanding European integration and identity. At the same time, the European Union increasingly invests in projects related to European heritage, museums, and cultural memory networks, while having to take dissonant heritages into account. These processes in their combination offer an interesting dynamic and form the complex puzzle that poses challenging questions for anyone involved in academic research, heritage practices, and policy debates. With this puzzle at its core, this book explicitly focuses on slippery and transforming notions of Europe and critically discusses ongoing and transforming power structures of heritage and memory in today’s Europe. The book combines theoretical and methodological contributions to the debates on European heritage and memory studies and in-depth analyses of empirical case studies. Its main aim is to bring research fields concerning memory and heritage into a closer dialogue and thus explore the cultural and political dynamics of contemporary Europe.

Tuuli Lähdesmäki is Adjunct Professor/Docent of Art History and Senior Researcher in the Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland.Luisa Passerini is Professor Emerita of History in the Department of History and Civilization at the European University Institute, Italy. She was formerly Professor in Cultural History, Department of History at the University of Turin, Italy.

Sigrid Kaasik-Krogerus is Postdoctoral Researcher in the Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland.Iris van Huis (PhD) is Lecturer in Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences at the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license

This open access book discusses political, economic, social, and humanitarian challenges that influence both how people deal with their past and how they build their identities in contemporary Europe. Ongoing debates on migration, on local, national, inter- and transnational levels, prove that it is a divisive issue with regards to understanding European integration and identity. At the same time, the European Union increasingly invests in projects related to European heritage, museums, and cultural memory networks, while having to take dissonant heritages into account. These processes in their combination offer an interesting dynamic and form the complex puzzle that poses challenging questions for anyone involved in academic research, heritage practices, and policy debates. With this puzzle at its core, this book explicitly focuses on slippery and transforming notions of Europe and critically discusses ongoing and transforming power structures of heritage and memory in today’s Europe. The book combines theoretical and methodological contributions to the debates on European heritage and memory studies and in-depth analyses of empirical case studies. Its main aim is to bring research fields concerning memory and heritage into a closer dialogue and thus explore the cultural and political dynamics of contemporary Europe.

Tuuli Lähdesmäki is Adjunct Professor/Docent of Art History and Senior Researcher in the Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland.Luisa Passerini is Professor Emerita of History in the Department of History and Civilization at the European University Institute, Italy. She was formerly Professor in Cultural History, Department of History at the University of Turin, Italy.

Sigrid Kaasik-Krogerus is Postdoctoral Researcher in the Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland.Iris van Huis (PhD) is Lecturer in Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences at the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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Mit dem Überfall Russlands auf die Ukraine im Februar 2022 steht der Fluss Dnipro (russ. Dnepr) erneut im Fokus der Weltöffentlichkeit. Als längster Fluss der Ukraine und drittgrößter Europas ist er als Wasserquelle und Symbol zentral für die Ukraine, aber auch für Russland und Belarus von Relevanz. Galyna Spodarets wirft einen neuen Blick auf die europäische Flusswelt und zeichnet mit dem Dnipro deren Bedeutungsvielfalt nach. Auf einer breiten Quellenbasis konzeptualisiert sie den Fluss u.a. als christlichen Erinnerungsort, als Raum nationaler ukrainischer Mythen, aber auch als Schauplatz der Katastrophe von Tschernobyl oder als Grenze zwischen Ost und West. Aus einer interdisziplinären Perspektive wird der Weg dieses historischen und kulturellen Raums aus dem Mittelalter bis in die postsowjetische Zeit aufgezeigt und lässt uns so Gegenwärtiges tiefer verstehen.

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Presentations of war and violence in museums generally oscillate between the fascination of terror and its instruments and the didactic urge to explain violence and, by analysing it, make it easier to handle and prevent. The museums concerned also have to face up to these basic issues about the social and institutional handling of war and violence. Does war really belong in museums? And if it does, what objectives and means are involved? Can museums avoid trivializing and aestheticising war, transforming violence, injury, death and trauma into tourist sights? What images of shock or identification does one generate – and what images would be desirable?

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Presentations of war and violence in museums generally oscillate between the fascination of terror and its instruments and the didactic urge to explain violence and, by analysing it, make it easier to handle and prevent. The museums concerned also have to face up to these basic issues about the social and institutional handling of war and violence. Does war really belong in museums? And if it does, what objectives and means are involved? Can museums avoid trivializing and aestheticising war, transforming violence, injury, death and trauma into tourist sights? What images of shock or identification does one generate – and what images would be desirable?

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In all spheres of life, relationships among public and private organizations are built in order to deal with complex societal problems and to address economic challenges that cannot be dealt with by single organizations. Because of the interdependencies, interorganizational collaboration is essential, yet working across organizational boundaries is far from simple. It involves a multitude of different organizations, each having its own interests, perspectives, and identities while also varying in power and size. Further, the societal problems that are dealt with are often severe. This volume focuses on the relational complexities of interorganizational collaboration, captured by the term dynamics, referring to: (a) the social and psychological processes that occur when organizations and their representatives interact to engage in cross-boundary or collaborative work (e.g., trust and distrust, intergroup stereotyping and conflict, conflict avoidance, inclusion and exclusion of stakeholders, power dynamics), as well as (b) the development of these processes over time, in view of external and internal events and/or as a consequence of deliberate interventions to enhance collaborative success. The perspective put forward is largely psychological and sociological, both in terms of understanding the group and intergroup processes as well as efforts to intervene to develop collaborative relationships, based on action research and an organizational development approach.

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This book contributes to the literature on conflict and terrorism through a selection of articles that deal with theoretical, methodological and empirical issues related to the topic. The papers study important problems, are original in their approach and innovative in the techniques used. This will be useful for researchers in the fields of game theory, economics and political sciences.

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Educating Informal Educators’’ draws on the range of expertise in Higher Education courses across the UK and seeks to emphasise the value of informal education and its values and practices, not only for students of education or informal education but also for society as a whole. This Special Issue seeks to capture the particular pedagogies of youth and community work courses that sustain distinctive informal education practice.

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The multiple purposes of nature – livelihood for communities, revenues for states, commodities for companies, and biodiversity for conservationists – have turned environmental governance in Latin America into a highly contested arena. In such a resource-rich region, unequal power relations, conflicting priorities, and trade-offs among multiple goals have led to a myriad of contrasting initiatives that are reshaping social relations and rural territories. This edited collection addresses these tensions by unpacking environmental governance as a complex process of formulating and contesting values, procedures and practices shaping the access, control and use of natural resources. Contributors from various fields address the challenges, limitations, and possibilities for a more sustainable, equal, and fair development. In this book, environmental governance is seen as an overarching concept defining the dynamic and multi-layered repertoire of society-nature interactions, where images of nature and discourses on the use of natural resources are mediated by contextual processes at multiple scales.

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Esta obra provee un panorama amplio del campo de los estudios de paz y conflictos. Está dirigida a un público tanto académico como profesional. Abarca temas que van desde las teorías sobre el surgimiento y la evolución de los conflictos hasta el mantenimiento de la paz, la negociación y la mediación, la construcción de paz y la acción noviolenta. Aborda tanto el estudio de los conflictos armados o conflictos sociopolíticos que podrían tornarse violentos como las respuestas a estos conflictos, y los procesos de Resistencia noviolenta. Se basa en una profunda revisión de la literatura en el campo, así como en las reflexiones de la autora con base en su experiencia práctica en el campo. El libro intenta reflejar una variedad de perspectivas que dan cuenta de la naturaleza interdisciplinaria del campo y toma en consideración estudios con distintas metodologías. Además, busca vincular la teoría y los conceptos con ejemplos concretos e incorpora estudios de caso que permitan entender cómo las discusiones teóricas se relacionan con la práctica. A esto se agrega el uso de figuras y cuadros que permiten visualizar cómo se aplican las teorías y los conceptos, ilustrarlos con ejemplos y examinar tendencias. Así, se espera que esta obra sea un referente para los estudios de paz y conflictos a nivel teórico y práctico en el mundo hispanohablante.

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