Bone is a specialized connective tissue with the ability to regenerate following injury and trauma. However, when the extension of bone loss exceeds the regenerative capacity of tissue, additional treatments are required; these have been investigated by scientists and clinicians, and include biological and material approaches and their combination. This Special Issue, entitled “Bone Regeneration and Repair Materials”, is composed of 14 original and 2 review articles that can be grouped into the following three categories: (1) physicochemical and mechanical characterizations of biomaterials for bone regeneration and implants; (2) strategies to induce bone repair using biomaterials and/or cells; and (3) titanium implants. This collection of information covers the diverse range of materials and approaches that have emerged as promising and powerful tools in regenerative medicine in order to promote bone repair, regeneration, and implant osseointegration. Additionally, this Special Issue elucidates the need to understand the cellular mechanisms involved in the interactions between bones and materials in the search for optimized and smart therapies, with patient well-being always being the primary focus.

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At present, more and more procedures and technologies used to discover and characterize new materials are available, including advanced characterization techniques.This Special Issue covers a wide range of topics about obtaining and characterizing new materials, from the nano to macro scales, including for new alloys, ceramics, composites, biomaterials, and polymers and the procedures and technologies used to enhance their structure, properties, and functions. To select new materials for future use, we must first understand their structure and their characteristics using modern techniques such as microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM, STM, etc.), spectroscopy (EDX, XRD, XRF, FTIR, XPS, etc.), and mechanical tests (tensile, hardness, elastic modulus, toughness, etc.) and their behaviors (in vitro and in vivo; corrosion; and thermal—DSC, STA, DMA, magnetic properties, and biocompatibility), among many others.

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Elderly frailty represents the poor resolution of homeostasis following stress and an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including falls, delirium and disability. This reprint is focused on the diagnosis and treatment of fractures and orthopedic diseases among elderly people. In particular, this concerns medical, orthopaedics and rehabilitative factors. This reprint includes original articles, narrative or systematic reviews and meta-analysis, aiming to provide readers with the correct approach to these pathologies.

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