This Special Issue contains selected papers from works presented at the 12th EASN (European Aeronautics Science Network) International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space for Opening New Horizons, which was held from the 18th until the 21st of October 2022, in Barcelona, with physical participation. About 470 participants contributed to a high-level scientific gathering providing some of the latest research results on the topic, as well as some of the latest relevant technological advancements. Twenty interesting papers, which cover a wide range of topics including characterization, analysis and design, as well as numerical simulation, are contained in this Special Issue.

Listed by Unglue.it.

In recent years, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been increasingly contributing to the development of novel engineering systems with energy storage requirements. LIBs are playing an essential role in our society, as they are being used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from consumer electronics, electric mobility, renewable energy storage, biomedical applications, or aerospace systems. Despite the remarkable achievements and applicability of LIBs, there are several features within this technology that require further research and improvements. In this book, a collection of 10 original research papers addresses some of those key features, including: battery testing methodologies, state of charge and state of health monitoring, and system-level power electronics applications. One key aspect to emphasize when it comes to this book is the multidisciplinary nature of the selected papers. The presented research was developed at university departments, institutes and organizations of different disciplines, including Electrical Engineering, Control Engineering, Computer Science or Material Science, to name a few examples. The overall result is a book that represents a coherent collection of multidisciplinary works within the prominent field of LIBs.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book presents the latest solutions in fuel cell (FC) and renewable energy implementation in mobile and stationary applications. The implementation of advanced energy management and optimization strategies are detailed for fuel cell and renewable microgrids, and for the multi-FC stack architecture of FC/electric vehicles to enhance the reliability of these systems and to reduce the costs related to energy production and maintenance. Cyber-security methods based on blockchain technology to increase the resilience of FC renewable hybrid microgrids are also presented. Therefore, this book is for all readers interested in these challenging directions of research.

Listed by Unglue.it.

The most important class of polymers is block copolymers (BCPs) since they can be prepared through different methods and exhibit various properties combined with chemically different segments. The importance of block copolymers can be supported by the multitude of related manuscripts published daily, their use in practical applications in almost all areas, and novel discoveries based on BCPs in many aspects of life. This Special Issue focuses on various matters from different areas of block copolymer research, showing advances and applications in self-assembly, crystallization, synthesis, chemical modification, 3D printing, membranes, energy materials, nanotechnology, hybrid materials, micelles, order–disorder transition, and biomaterials.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book focuses on recent advances in both theoretical and experimental studies of material behaviour at the micro- and nano-scales. Special attention is given to experimental studies of nanofilms, nanoparticles and nanocomposites as well as tooth defects. Various experimental techniques were used. Magneto- and thermoelastic coupling were considered, as were nonlocal models of thin structures.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Energy storage is a key topic for research, industry, and business, which is gaining increasing interest. Any available energy-storage technology (batteries, fuel cells, flywheels, and so on) can cover a limited part of the power-energy plane and is characterized by some inherent drawback. Supercapacitors (also known as ultracapacitors, electrochemical capacitors, pseudocapacitors, or double-layer capacitors) feature exceptional capacitance values, creating new scenarios and opportunities in both research and industrial applications, partly because the related market is relatively recent. In practice, supercapacitors can offer a trade-off between the high specific energy of batteries and the high specific power of traditional capacitors. Developments in supercapacitor technology and supporting electronics, combined with reductions in costs, may revolutionize everything from large power systems to consumer electronics. The potential benefits of supercapacitors move from the progresses in the technological processes but can be effective by the availability of the proper tools for testing, modeling, diagnosis, sizing, management and technical-economic analyses. This book collects some of the latest developments in the field of supercapacitors, ranging from new materials to practical applications, such as energy storage, uninterruptible power supplies, smart grids, electrical vehicles, advanced transportation and renewable sources.

Listed by Unglue.it.

An economic development model analyzes the adoption of alternative strategy capable of leveraging the economy, based essentially on RES. The combination of wind turbine, PV installation with new technology battery energy storage, DSM network and RES forecasting algorithms maximizes RES integration in isolated islands. An innovative model of power system (PS) imbalances is presented, which aims to capture various features of the stochastic behavior of imbalances and to reduce in average reserve requirements and PS risk. Deep learning techniques for medium-term wind speed and solar irradiance forecasting are presented, using for first time a specific cloud index. Scalability-replicability of the FLEXITRANSTORE technology innovations integrates hardware-software solutions in all areas of the transmission system and the wholesale markets, promoting increased RES. A deep learning and GIS approach are combined for the optimal positioning of wave energy converters. An innovative methodology to hybridize battery-based energy storage using supercapacitors for smoother power profile, a new control scheme and battery degradation mechanism and their economic viability are presented. An innovative module-level photovoltaic (PV) architecture in parallel configuration is introduced maximizing power extraction under partial shading. A new method for detecting demagnetization faults in axial flux permanent magnet synchronous wind generators is presented. The stochastic operating temperature (OT) optimization integrated with Markov Chain simulation ascertains a more accurate OT for guiding the coal gasification practice.

Listed by Unglue.it.

The book compiles scientific articles describing advances in nanomaterial synthesis and their application in water remediation. The publications treat diverse problems such as dye degradation, heavy metal ion, as well as radioactive element capture and sequestration. There are 10 original research articles and one review article. The latter proposes graphene/CNT and Prussian blue nanocomposites for radioactive 137-cesium extraction from aqueous media. All reports thoroughly characterize the nanomaterials post-synthesis and describe their catalytic, photocatalytic, or ion exchange activities in contaminated water. The dyes studied in the collection are azo dyes, i.e. methylene blue and orange, rhodamine B, phenolic dyes viz. bromophenol blue, and other dyes with sulfonyl groups. Extraction of radioactive elements, including cationic 137Cs+ and anionic 125I?, is also investigated. The omnipresence of ZnO nanoparticles in everyday products and their effects in wastewater are also evaluated. Layered double hydroxide are capable of capturing Ag ions, which then has a catalytic effect on dye degradation. The nanomaterials considered are varied, viz., graphene, CNT, Prussian blue, nanoporous carbon, layered double hydroxides, magnetite, ferrites, organic powders, polymer membranes, bacteria, and inorganic nanomaterials such as MnO and Ag. The book targets an interdisciplinary readership.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Electrochemical energy storage is a key element of systems in a wide range of sectors, such as electro-mobility, portable devices, and renewable energy. The energy storage systems (ESSs) considered here are batteries, supercapacitors, and hybrid components such as lithium-ion capacitors. The durability of ESSs determines the total cost of ownership, the global impacts (lifecycle) on a large portion of these applications and, thus, their viability. Understanding ESS aging is a key to optimizing their design and usability in terms of their intended applications. Knowledge of ESS aging is also essential to improve their dependability (reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety). This Special Issue includes 12 research papers and 1 review article focusing on battery, supercapacitor, and hybrid capacitor aging.

Listed by Unglue.it.

The topics of interest in this book include significant challenges in the BMS design of EV/HEV. The equivalent models developed for several types of integrated Li-ion batteries consider the environmental temperature and ageing effects. Different current profiles for testing the robustness of the Kalman filter type estimators of the battery state of charge are used in this book. Additionally, the BMS can integrate a real-time model-based sensor Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) scheme for a Li-ion cell undergoing degradation, which uses the recursive least squares (RLS) method to estimate the equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters. This book will fully meet the demands of a large community of readers and specialists working in the field due to its attractiveness and scientific content with a great openness to the side of practical applicability. This covers various interesting aspects, especially related to the characterization of commercial batteries, diagnosis and optimization of their performance, experimental testing and statistical analysis, thermal modelling, and implementation of the most suitable Kalman filter type estimators of high accuracy to estimate the state of charge

Listed by Unglue.it.

Grateful thanks are given to Dr. Fouad El Monsouri and coworkers for contributing Chapter 1, which deals with ground water contamination with nitrate. Thanks are due to Dr. Arcadius Martininen Agassin Ahogle and coworkers for contributing Chapter 2, dealing with the assessment of soil organic carbon. Grateful thanks are provided to Dr. Puttapati Sampath Kumar and coworkers for contributing Chapter 3, dealing with the exploitation of eucalyptus leaves for electrode fabrication in supercapacitors. Indebtedness is due to Dr. Almaz S Jalilov and coworkers for contributing Chapter 4, dealing with the production of activated carbon from petroleum waste (vacuum residue). Thanks are due to Dr. Yongdan Li and coworkers for contributing Chapter 5, dealing with the use of exhausted olive pomace for the production of fuel for direct carbon fuel cells (DCFC). Grateful thanks are due to Dr. Roberta Mota-Panizio and coworkers for Chapter 6, dealing with the development of a concept for the production of essential oils and biomethane from biomass waste. Thanks are due to Dr. Vitali Nitsenko and coworkers for contributing Chapter 7, dealing with the modelling studies on the yield of biogas from organic mass. Thanks are due to Dr Imane Moulefera and coworkers for contributing Chapter 8, dealing with the adsorption of atenolol. Grateful indebtedness is due to Dr. Denis Mirohnichenko and coworkers for contributing Chapter 9, dealing with the development of bioedegradable polymer gels. Finally, indebtedness is due to Dr. Steven C Peterson and coworkers for contributing Chapter 10, dealing with the production of porous and polar biochar for composite applications.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Transportation systems play a major role in the reduction of energy consumptions and environmental impact all over the world. The significant amount of energy of transport systems forces the adoption of new solutions to ensure their performance with energy-saving and reduced environmental impact. In this context, technologies and materials, devices and systems, design methods, and management techniques, related to the electrical power systems for transportation are continuously improving thanks to research activities. The main common challenge in all the applications concerns the adoption of innovative solutions that can improve existing transportation systems in terms of efficiency and sustainability.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Electrochemical capacitors are being increasingly introduced in energy storage devices, for example, in automobiles, renewable energies, and mobile terminals. This book includes five high-quality papers that can lead to technological developments in electrochemical capacitors. The first paper describes the effect of the milling degree of activated carbon particles used in the electrodes on the supercapacitive performance of an electric double-layer capacitor. The second, fourth, and fifth papers describe novel electrode materials that have the potential to enhance the performance of next-generation electrochemical capacitors. Nickel molybdate/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite, copper-decorated carbon nanotubes, and nickel hydroxide/activated carbon composite are tested, and are shown to be promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical capacitors. The third paper reports the hybrid utilization of electrochemical capacitors with other types of energy devices (photovoltaics, fuel cells, and batteries) in a DC microgrid, which ensures wider applications of electrochemical capacitors in the near future. The knowledge and experience in this book are beneficial in manufacturing and utilizing electrochemical capacitors. Cutting-edge knowledge related to novel electrode nano-materials is also helpful to design next-generation electrochemical capacitors. This book delivers useful information to specialists involved in energy storage technologies.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This Special Issue includes recent research articles and extensive reviews on graphene-based next-generation electronics, bringing together perspectives from different branches of science and engineering. The papers presented in this volume cover experimental, computational and theoretical aspects of the electrical and thermal properties of graphene and its applications in batteries, electrodes, sensors and ferromagnetism. In addition, this Special Issue covers many important state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies regarding the synthesis, fabrication, characterization and applications of graphene-based nanocomposites.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Carbon materials are one of the most fascinating materials because of their unique properties and potential use in several applications. They can be obtained from residues or by using advanced synthesis technologies like chemical vapor deposition. The carbon family is very broad, ranging from classical activated carbons to more advanced species such as carbon nanotubes and graphene. The surface chemistry is one of the most interesting aspects of this broad family of materials, which allows the incorporation of different types of chemical functionalities or heteroatoms on the carbon surface, such as O, N, B, S, or P, which can modify the acid–base character, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, or the electronic properties of these materials and, thus, determine the final application. This book represents a collection of original research articles and communications focused on the synthesis, properties, and applications of heteroatom-doped functional carbon materials.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Natural polysaccharides, such as cellulose and chitin, possess unique hierarchical nanoarchitectures that can never be artificially reconstructed, and their nano-organized structures are involved in the hidden materials functions with great potential. Pioneering the emerging functions of nano-organized polysaccharides will break through to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

Listed by Unglue.it.

In this Special Issue, we have a great collection of 11 outstanding articles that have been published. This Special Issue presents the recent progress on emerging low-dimensional materials and could encourage their future investigations. We hope that both researchers and the community in general can benefit from the outcomes of this Special Issue reprint.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Today, there is a great deal of attention focused on sustainable growth worldwide. The increase in efficiency in the use of energy may even, in this historical moment, bring greater benefit than the use of renewable energies. Electricity appears to be the most sustainable of energies and the most promising hope for a planet capable of growing without compromising its own health and that of its inhabitants. Power electronics and electrical drives are the key technologies that will allow energy savings through the reduction of energy losses in many applications. This Special Issue has collected several scientific contributions related to energy efficiency in electrical equipment. Some articles are dedicated to the use and optimization of permanent magnet motors, which allow obtaining the highest level of efficiency. Most of the contributions describe the energy improvements that can be achieved with power electronics and the use of suitable control techniques. Last but not least, some articles describe interesting solutions for hybrid vehicles, which were created mainly to save energy in the smartest way possible.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Climate change is now a global concern, and new energy materials and devices are being extensively studied to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and help solve the climate change problem. Supercapacitor materials and devices are very promising due to their quick charge/discharge capabilities, high safety and long cycling lifetimes. However, the success of supercapacitor technology, when competing with existing energy storage technologies, largely depends on the improvement of its critical properties, such as the energy storage capabilities of the supercapacitor materials and devices. Thus, the development of high-performance supercapacitor materials and devices is a critical and timely research direction of the field. This Reprint discusses original research on frontier supercapacitor materials, including porous carbons, biochars, MXene, transition metal oxides, sulfides, and their composites, in addition to ion liquid electrolytes. Reviews on various cutting-edge supercapacitor technologies are also included. All of these are important for boosting the development of supercapacitor science and engineering, which are envisioned to help in powering up our future.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book on hybrid electric vehicles brings out six chapters on some of the research activities through the wide range of current issues on hybrid electric vehicles. The first section deals with two interesting applications of HEVs, namely, urban buses and heavy duty working machines. The second one groups papers related to the optimization of the electricity flows in a hybrid electric vehicle, starting from the optimization of recharge in PHEVs through advance storage systems, new motor technologies, and integrated starter-alternator technologies. A comprehensive analysis of the technologies used in HEVs is beyond the aim of the book. However, the content of this volume can be useful to scientists and students to broaden their knowledge of technologies and application of hybrid electric vehicles.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This highly informative and carefully presented book covers the most recent advances as well as comprehensive reviews addressing novel and state-of-the-art topics from active researchers in innovative advanced materials and hybrid materials, concerning not only their synthesis, preparation, and characterization but especially focusing on the applications of such materials with outstanding performance.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book, entitled “Mesoporous Metal Oxide Films”, contains an editorial and a collection of ten research articles covering fundamental studies and applications of different metal oxide films. Mesoporous materials have been widely investigated and applied in many technological applications owing to their outstanding structural and physical properties. In this book, important developments in this fast-moving field are presented from various research groups around the world. Different preparation methods and applications of these novel and interesting materials have been reported, and it was demonstrated that mesoporosity has a direct impact on the properties and potential applications of such materials. The potential use of mesoporous metal oxide films and coatings with different morphology and structures is demonstrated in many technological applications, particularly chemical and electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, solar cells, photoelectrodes, bioceramics, photonic switches, and anticorrosion agents.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book comprises five peer-reviewed articles covering original research articles on the modeling and simulation of electricity systems for transport and energy storage. The topics include: 1 - Optimal siting and sizing methodology to design an energy storage system (ESS) for railway lines; 2 - Technical–economic comparison between a 3 kV DC railway and the use of trains with on-board storage systems; 3 - How to improve electrical feeding substations, by changing transformer technology and by installing dedicated high-power-oriented storage systems; 4 - Algorithm applied to a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology. 5 - Thermal investigation and optimization of an air-cooled lithium-ion battery pack.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This highly informative and carefully presented book discusses the preparation, processing, characterization and applications of different types of hybrid nanomaterials based on nanocellulose and/or nanocarbons. It gives an overview of recent advances of outstanding classes of hybrid materials applied in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science, among others. The content of this book is relevant to researchers in academia and industry professionals working on the development of advanced hybrid nanomaterials and their applications.

Listed by Unglue.it.

As CMOS scaling is approaching the fundamental physical limits, a wide range of new nanoelectronic materials and devices have been proposed and explored to extend and/or replace the current electronic devices and circuits so as to maintain progress with respect to speed and integration density. The major limitations, including low carrier mobility, degraded subthreshold slope, and heat dissipation, have become more challenging to address as the size of silicon-based metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) has decreased to nanometers, while device integration density has increased. This book aims to present technical approaches that address the need for new nanoelectronic materials and devices. The focus is on new concepts and knowledge in nanoscience and nanotechnology for applications in logic, memory, sensors, photonics, and renewable energy. This research on nanoelectronic materials and devices will be instructive in finding solutions to address the challenges of current electronics in switching speed, power consumption, and heat dissipation and will be of great interest to academic society and the industry.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Electrified transportation has been an urgent undertaking for enabling a carbon-neutral society in the near future. The revolution of e-mobility has witnessed the booming development of emerging technologies such as new-energy vehicles, electric aircraft, electric ships, etc.; therefore, cutting-edge products are frequently available for next-generation energy and propulsion systems of e-mobility, including solid-state batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, and new structural electric machines. This way, the advanced design and energy management of next-generation energy and propulsion systems will definitely benefit the transportation electrification process. Within this scope, battery, fuel cell, and electric motor technologies, as well as their applications, are critical for the transportation revolution. This Special Issue collected papers on new research achievements in the recently emerging and cross-disciplinary field of enabling energy management and propulsion system control for e-mobilities.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Compared to traditional flexible materials, such as metal-based, ceramic-based, and glass-based materials, polymer-based flexible materials have various advantages including low density, easy processing, excellent flexibility, and good environmental stability. Over the past few decades, polymer-based flexible materials have received significant attention due to the rapid development of the electronic industry, medical treatment, health, and other fields. For instance, flexible electronic technology shows great potential for reshaping the lives of human beings, but the bottleneck of flexible electronic technology is the availability of flexible substrates or flexible conductive materials, which can be resolved by modifying or doping polymer-based flexible materials. Moreover, it is possible to synthesize new polymer-based flexible materials or modify them for different purposes to endow them with corresponding functionality. This reprint presents a collection of research papers, communications, and review articles on the latest advances in the fields of synthesis, characterization, and the application of polymer-based flexible materials. The fields that will be discussed include: synthesis (organic elastomers, conductive polymers, and flexible organic networks); structural characterization; modeling; and applications (i.e., sensor, energy harvesting, energy storage, electromagnetic shielding, and biomedical).

Listed by Unglue.it.

This reprint is a collection of papers from the E-Textiles 2021 Conference and represents the state-of-the-art from both academia and industry in the development of smart fabrics that incorporate electronic and sensing functionality. The reprint presents a wide range of applications of the technology including wearable textile devices for healthcare applications such as respiratory monitoring and functional electrical stimulation. Manufacturing approaches include printed smart materials, knitted e-textiles and flexible electronic circuit assembly within fabrics and garments. E-textile sustainability, a key future requirement for the technology, is also considered. Supplying power is a constant challenge for all wireless wearable technologies and the collection includes papers on triboelectric energy harvesting and textile-based water-activated batteries. Finally, the application of textiles antennas in both sensing and 5G wireless communications is demonstrated, where different antenna designs and their response to stimuli are presented.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Efficient clean energy harvesting, conversion, and storage technologies are of immense importance for the sustainable development of human society. To this end, scientists have made significant advances in recent years regarding new materials and devices for improving the energy conversion efficiency for photovoltaics, thermoelectric generation, photoelectrochemical/electrolytic hydrogen generation, and rechargeable metal ion batteries. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a platform for research scientists and engineers in these areas to demonstrate and exchange their latest research findings. This thematic topic undoubtedly represents an extremely important technological direction, covering materials processing, characterization, simulation, and performance evaluation of thin films used in energy harvesting, conversion, and storage.

Listed by Unglue.it.