In the last few years, a strong demand for power converters with improved performance, such as low energy consumption and reduced size, has arisen. Emerging applications, such as e-mobility (traction inverters, DC-DC onboard chargers, DC-DC battery converters, etc.), data center power management (UPS and bus converters), variable speed drives, LV/HV converter interfaces for smart grids, and energy source conversion (renewable switching power converter interfaces, and battery storage converters) drive this improvement scenario. Efficiency and power density are crucial parameters for managing advanced power converter applications. The Special Issue “Advanced DC-DC Power Converters and Switching Converters II” focuses on advanced solutions for switching power converters in the strategic fields of emerging power electronics applications for technological growth. The articles contribute to these fields by describing the innovative solutions in advanced switching converters for energy conversion that are devoted to the use of sustainable technology in modern societal development.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

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This Special Issue reprint, “Advanced Polymer Nanocomposites II”, addresses high-quality original and review papers, focused on the scientific discussion and practical application in the field of functional polymer nanocomposites, including: (a) optoelectronic materials (papers 1-9); (b) biomedical materials (papers 10-14); and (c) other functional polymer nanocomposites (papers 15-23). We hope that this Special Issue reprint can promote academic research exchanges and identify and respond to tremendous challenges of research in this burgeoning field.

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Electrochemical energy storage is becoming essential for portable electronics, electrified transportation, integration of intermittent renewable energy into grids, and many other energy and power applications. The electrode materials and their structures, in addition to the electrolytes, play key roles in supporting a multitude of coupled physicochemical processes that include electronic, ionic, and diffusive transport in electrode and electrolyte phases, electrochemical reactions and material phase changes, as well as mechanical and thermal stresses, thus determining the storage energy density and power density, conversion efficiency, performance lifetime, and system cost and safety. Different material chemistries and multiscale porous structures are being investigated for high performance and low cost. The aim of this Special Issue is to report the recent advances in materials used in electrochemical energy storage that encompass supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries.

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Functional inorganic materials are an indispensable part of innovative technologies that are essential to the development of many fields of industry. The use of new materials, nanostructures, or multicomponent composites with specific chemical or physical properties promotes technological progress in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, biomedicine, and many other areas that are concerned with many aspects of human life. Due to the broad and diverse range of potential applications of functional inorganic materials, the development of superior synthesis pathways, reliable characterization, and a deep understanding of the structure–property relationships in materials are rightfully considered to be fundamentally important scientific issues. Only synergetic efforts of scientists dealing with the synthesis, functionalization and characterization of materials will lead to the development of future technologies.

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Hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) are an emerging class of energy storage devices that combine the high power density of supercapacitors with the high energy density of batteries, offering a unique set of advantages that make them ideal for a wide range of applications. By pairing a faradaic electrode—where charges are stored through reversible redox, intercalation, or conversion reactions—with a non-faradaic or pseudocapacitive electrode that relies on surface ion adsorption, HSCs can provide higher energy density while still maintaining a high level of power output in short bursts, making them well-suited for applications that require rapid charging and discharging, such as in electric vehicles during acceleration, regenerative braking, or start–stop events; cordless power tools that must drive screws or drill masonry without voltage sag; grid-tied buffers that smooth short-term fluctuations from renewables; and even wearable or IoT devices that harvest intermittent energy and must transmit data bursts. This preprint features eleven research and review papers that focus on the recent advances in the field of hybrid supercapacitors, covering topics such as carbon-based and transition metal oxides electrode materials, electrolytes and additives, Zn-ion hybrid capacitors, hybrid energy storage systems, and control algorithms for supercapacitors. Research from over 40 authors from China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Romania, the Republic of Korea, Greece, and other countries and regions contributed to this preprint.

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Electrochemical devices have drawn remarkable attention and elicited spectacular growth in recent decades for a broad range of applications, including energy storage, sensing, electrochemical processing, etc. Recent advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnology have boosted great promise for electrochemistry to offer reliable and high-performance devices. This Special Issue, entitled “Advances in Nano-Electrochemical Materials and Devices”, aimed to focus on recent advances in the design, manufacture, and application of nanoelectrochemical materials and devices. This Special Issue included twelve papers, where nine original research papers highlighted novel research progress on advanced nanomaterials and nano-systems for oxygen reduction reactions, batteries, supercapacitors, and sensors. In addition, recent achievements in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, biosensors, and Li-CO2 batteries were comprehensively summarized in three review papers.

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This book delves into the latest developments in the synthesis, characteristics, and diverse applications of nanosheets. Within its chapters, readers will find comprehensive insights into innovative fabrication techniques for cutting-edge nanosheets and their hybrid heterostructures. Furthermore, the book thoroughly explores the emerging properties and applications of nanosheets across various domains, including supercapacitors for electric vehicles, fuel cells, electric discharge machining, heavy metal adsorption, and biomedical applications.

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Energy storage is a key topic for research, industry, and business, which is gaining increasing interest. Any available energy-storage technology (batteries, fuel cells, flywheels, and so on) can cover a limited part of the power-energy plane and is characterized by some inherent drawback. Supercapacitors (also known as ultracapacitors, electrochemical capacitors, pseudocapacitors, or double-layer capacitors) feature exceptional capacitance values, creating new scenarios and opportunities in both research and industrial applications, partly because the related market is relatively recent. In practice, supercapacitors can offer a trade-off between the high specific energy of batteries and the high specific power of traditional capacitors. Developments in supercapacitor technology and supporting electronics, combined with reductions in costs, may revolutionize everything from large power systems to consumer electronics. The potential benefits of supercapacitors move from the progresses in the technological processes but can be effective by the availability of the proper tools for testing, modeling, diagnosis, sizing, management and technical-economic analyses. This book collects some of the latest developments in the field of supercapacitors, ranging from new materials to practical applications, such as energy storage, uninterruptible power supplies, smart grids, electrical vehicles, advanced transportation and renewable sources.

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For more than 50 years, silicon has dominated the electronics industry. However, this growth will come to an end, due to resources limitations. Thus, research developments need to focus to alternative materials, with higher performance and better functionality. Current research achievements have indicated that carbon is one of the promising candidates for its exploitation in the electronics industry. Whereas the physical properties of graphite and diamond have been investigated for many years, the potential for electronic applications of other allotropes of carbon (fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibres, carbon films, carbon balls and beads, carbon fibers, etc), has only been appreciated relatively recently. Carbon-based materials offer a number of exciting possibilities for new applications of electronic devices, due to their unique thermal and electrical properties. However, the success of carbon-based electronics depends on the rapid progress of the fabrication, doping and manipulation techniques. In this Special Issue, we focus on both insights and advancements in carbon-based electronics. We will also cover various topics ranging from synthesis, functionalisation, and characterisation of carbon-based materials, for their use in electronic devices, including advanced manufacturing techniques, such as 3D printing, ink-jet printing, spray-gun technique, etc.

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In this book, 20 papers focused on different fields of power electronics are gathered. Approximately half of the papers are focused on different control issues and techniques, ranging from the computer-aided design of digital compensators to more specific approaches such as fuzzy or sliding control techniques. The rest of the papers are focused on the design of novel topologies. The fields in which these controls and topologies are applied are varied: MMCs, photovoltaic systems, supercapacitors and traction systems, LEDs, wireless power transfer, etc.

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This Special Edition of Energies on “Energy Storage and Management for Electric Vehicles” draws together a collection of research papers that critically evaluates key areas of innovation and novelty when designing and managing the high-voltage battery system within an electrified powertrain. The addressed topics include design optimisation, mathematical modelling, control engineering, thermal management, and component sizing.

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In recent years, power electronics have been intensely contributing to the development and evolution of new structures for the processing of energy. They can be used in a wide range of applications ranging from power systems and electrical machines to electric vehicles and robot arm drives. In conjunction with the evolution of microprocessors and advanced control theories, power electronics are playing an increasingly essential role in our society. Thus, in order to cope with the obstacles lying ahead, this book presents a collection of original studies and modeling methods which were developed and published in the field of electrical energy conditioning and control by using circuits and electronic devices, with an emphasis on power applications and industrial control. Researchers have contributed 19 selected and peer-reviewed papers covering a wide range of topics by addressing a wide variety of themes, such as motor drives, AC–DC and DC–DC converters, multilevel converters, varistors, and electromagnetic compatibility, among others. The overall result is a book that represents a cohesive collection of inter-/multidisciplinary works regarding the industrial applications of power electronics.

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As the global air pollution and energy crisis grows more severe by the day, it is particularly important to increase the development and utilization of clean energy. Energy conversion and storage technology has become the main method to solve energy and environmental problems. Energy conversion technology can be used to convert renewable resources (solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, and water energy) into forms of energy that are convenient for people to use, such as hydrogen energy and electric energy. At present, the main energy collection and storage devices include solar cells, lithium batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. This topic mainly involves the integrated design, preparation, structure, and performance regulation of energy collection and storage materials. The purpose of this topic was to highlight the latest progress in the field of energy harvesting and storage technologies and bring together scholars from various fields.

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This book, entitled “Mesoporous Metal Oxide Films”, contains an editorial and a collection of ten research articles covering fundamental studies and applications of different metal oxide films. Mesoporous materials have been widely investigated and applied in many technological applications owing to their outstanding structural and physical properties. In this book, important developments in this fast-moving field are presented from various research groups around the world. Different preparation methods and applications of these novel and interesting materials have been reported, and it was demonstrated that mesoporosity has a direct impact on the properties and potential applications of such materials. The potential use of mesoporous metal oxide films and coatings with different morphology and structures is demonstrated in many technological applications, particularly chemical and electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, solar cells, photoelectrodes, bioceramics, photonic switches, and anticorrosion agents.

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This book compiles relevant expanded versions of the best articles presented at the Second Ibero-American Congress of Smart Cities (ICSC-CITIES 2019), published in the Special Issue “Mobility and IoT for the Smart Cities” in Smart Cities, MDPI. This book includes articles on urban mobility, as well as on integrated sensors in cities, two relevant subjects related to the development of modern smart cities moving towards sustainability.

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The rapid growth of the world's population has significantly increased energy consumption and environmental impact. The transition from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources that is needed for a sustainable future demands more efficient materials and improved technologies, but allows us to tackle this great and necessary challenge. This Special Issue highlights some of the latest energy advances in the field of materials, in particular low-dimensional materials, and nanostructured materials. Various topics related to synthesis and characterization methods, properties, and energy application uses are highlighted.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

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Polymer-based materials applications in sensors, actuators, and energy conversion play a key role in recently developing areas of smart materials and electronic devices. These areas cover the synthesis, structures, and properties of polymers and composites, including energy-harvesting devices and energy-storage devices for electromechanical (electrical to mechanical energy conversion) and magneto-mechanical (magnetic to mechanical energy conversion), light-emitting devices, and electrically driving sensors. Therefore, the modulation of polymer-based materials and devices for controlling the detection, actuation, and energy with functionalized relative device can be achieved with the present reprint, comprising 12 chapters.This reprint is principally concerned with the topic of materials of materials, especially polymers. The contents not only involve essential information but also possess many novel academic applications in the fields. This Special Issue's title is "Polymer Materials in Sensors, Actuators and Energy Conversion" and covers the research field of polymers .Finally, I am very proud of my dear wife Winnie, son Vincent, and daughter Ruby. I thank them for supporting me in finishing the reprint. The reprint, involving 2 reviews and 10 regular papers, has been accomplished, and I am deeply thankful to all the authors for their assistance in producing a reprint with considerable number of chapters. I also hope that readers can achieve some useful understanding of polymer materials in sensors, actuators, and energy conversion, and that that they will be employed by scientists and researchers.

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Porous carbons are widely used as electrode materials for supercapacitors owing to their high specific surface areas, abundant surface functionalities, well‑controlled pore systems, and excellent conductivity and stability. New carbon materials with well‑defined nanostructures and functionalization patterns have been developed to meet challenges of a growing global demand for energy‑saving materials and sustainable materials to reduce negative environmental consequences. This book describes progress toward the conversion and efficient utilization of porous carbon and its derived precursor as electrode materials for clean energy. • Explores the chemical structure, composition, properties, classification, and application of various porous carbon nanoparticles and nanostructured materials for clean energy uses • Proposes strategies for porous carbon production through featured examples • Covers a variety of materials, including those derived from biomass, graphene, aerogels, and carbon nanofibers • Discusses applications including electrocatalysts, batteries, hydrogen production, supercapacitors, and energy storage • Examines challenges and future opportunities This book will be of interest to materials and chemical engineers, scientists, researchers, and others active in advancing the development of renewable and clean energy technologies.

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This book, entitled “Smart Textile and Polymer Materials”, is dedicated to recent research and development regarding smart textiles and response-based polymer materials, including, but not limited to, fiber-based energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, chromatic devices, color and shape changes, sensing, drug release, and ultraviolet resistant, electrically conductive, optical, hydrophobic and flame-retardant materials.

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A thin film is a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers in thickness. Thin films have been employed in many applications to provide surfaces that possess specific optical, electronic, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties. Through ten chapters consisting of original research studies and literature reviews written by experts from the international scientific community, this book covers the deposition and application of thin films.

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