Polymer-processing techniques are of the utmost importance for producing polymeric parts. They must produce parts with the desired qualities, which are usually related to mechanical performance, dimensional conformity, and appearance. Aiming to maximize the overall efficiency of the polymer-processing techniques, advanced modeling codes along with experimental measurements are needed to simulate and optimize the processes. Thus, this reprint exploits the digital transformation of the plastics industry, both through the creation of more robust and accurate modeling tools and the development of cutting-edge experimental techniques. Furthermore, it addresses advanced topics, such as crystallization during the solidification processes, prediction of fiber orientation in the cases of short and long fiber composites, prediction of the foaming process (such as microcellular foaming), and flow instabilities by including viscoelastic constitutive equations.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Polymer-processing techniques are of the utmost importance for producing polymeric parts. They must produce parts with the desired qualities, which are usually related to mechanical performance, dimensional conformity, and appearance. Aiming to maximize the overall efficiency of the polymer-processing techniques, advanced modeling codes along with experimental measurements are needed to simulate and optimize the processes. Thus, this reprint exploits the digital transformation of the plastics industry, both through the creation of more robust and accurate modeling tools and the development of cutting-edge experimental techniques. Furthermore, it addresses advanced topics, such as crystallization during the solidification processes, prediction of fiber orientation in the cases of short and long fiber composites, prediction of the foaming process (such as microcellular foaming), and flow instabilities by including viscoelastic constitutive equations.

Listed by Unglue.it.

The miniaturization of components in mechanical and electronic equipment has been the driving force for the fast development of micro/nanosystems. Heat and mass transfer are crucial processes in such systems, and they have attracted great interest in recent years. Tremendous effort, in terms of theoretical analyses, experimental measurements, numerical simulation, and practical applications, has been devoted to improve our understanding of complex heat and mass transfer processes and behaviors in such micro/nanosystems. This Special Issue is dedicated to showcasing recent advances in heat and mass transfer in micro- and nanosystems, with particular focus on the development of new models and theories, the employment of new experimental techniques, the adoption of new computational methods, and the design of novel micro/nanodevices. Thirteen articles have been published after peer-review evaluations, and these articles cover a wide spectrum of active research in the frontiers of micro/nanosystems.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to exploit data has been found in a wide variety of applications. This reprint book only presents a small glimpse of it. Many other important applications using HSI which have emerged in data exploitation are not covered in this reprint book. For example, such applications may include water pollution and toxic waste in environmental monitoring, pesticide residual detection in food safety and inspection, plant and crop disease detection in agriculture, tumor detection and breast cancer detection in medical imaging, drug traffic in law enforcement, etc. Nevertheless, this reprint book provides many techniques which may find their ways in these applications as well.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Written by experts from around the world, this book presents a comprehensive overview of slurry technology. The editor is grounded in the science of dilute concentrations of coarse particles in horizontal ducts, including settling distributions, critical deposition, swirling flow, and the two-layer model. This volume includes ten chapters that address such topics as process modelling, measurement (including non-Newtonian rheology), high-concentration conveying, vertical transport of fine-particle slurries, rheometry of sludges, pipe wear, and wastewater applications. There is also a chapter on an application at the fringe of our subject: fluidisation.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Given the continuous consumer demand for products of high quality and specific origin, there is a great tendency toward the application of multiple instrumental techniques for the complete characterization of foodstuffs or related natural products. Spectrometric techniques usually offer a full and rapid screenshot of a product’s composition and properties by the determination of specific biomolecules such as sugars, minerals, polyphenols, volatile compounds, amino acids, and organic acids. The present Special Issue aimed firstly to enhance the advances of the application of spectrometric techniques such as gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman spectroscopy, or any other spectrometric technique, in the analysis of foodstuffs such as meat, milk, cheese, potatoes, vegetables, fruits/fruit juices, honey, olive oil, chocolate, and other natural products. An additional goal was to fill the gap between food composition/food properties/natural product properties and food/natural product authenticity, using supervised and nonsupervised chemometrics.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This guide provides an insight into a range of visualization techniques for high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs). It is provided in the context of investigation and interpretation of various types of historical and modern, cultural and natural small-scale relief features and landscape structures. It also provides concise guidance for selecting the best techniques when looking at a specific type of landscape and/or looking for particular kinds of forms.The three main sections – descriptions of visualization techniques, guidance for selection of the techniques, and visualization tools – accompany examples of visualizations, exemplar archaeological and geomorphological case studies, a glossary of terms, and a list of references and recommendations for further reading. The structure facilitates people of different academic background and level of expertise to understand different visualizations, how to read them, how to manipulate the settings in a calculation, and choose the best suited for the purpose of the intended investigation.A smaller amount of books is also available in hardcover (ISBN 978-961-05-0011-7, 24 EUR).

Listed by Unglue.it.

This open access book focuses on processing, modeling, and visualization of anisotropy information, which are often addressed by employing sophisticated mathematical constructs such as tensors and other higher-order descriptors. It also discusses adaptations of such constructs to problems encountered in seemingly dissimilar areas of medical imaging, physical sciences, and engineering. Featuring original research contributions as well as insightful reviews for scientists interested in handling anisotropy information, it covers topics such as pertinent geometric and algebraic properties of tensors and tensor fields, challenges faced in processing and visualizing different types of data, statistical techniques for data processing, and specific applications like mapping white-matter fiber tracts in the brain. The book helps readers grasp the current challenges in the field and provides information on the techniques devised to address them. Further, it facilitates the transfer of knowledge between different disciplines in order to advance the research frontiers in these areas. This multidisciplinary book presents, in part, the outcomes of the seventh in a series of Dagstuhl seminars devoted to visualization and processing of tensor fields and higher-order descriptors, which was held in Dagstuhl, Germany, on October 28–November 2, 2018.

Listed by Unglue.it.

As an important aspect of modern agriculture, horticulture plays a crucial role in beautifying the environment and enriching human nutrition. Now, due to the application of intelligent devices in all aspects of agriculture, horticulture—an agricultural form that requires more refined management and operation—has begun to pursue intelligence and intensification. Therefore, the demand for advanced gardening technology and intelligent equipment is growing. In order to develop intelligent technology and equipment that can aid in gardening, beautify the environment, and support the cultivation and breeding of plants, research is needed to enhance the popularity of intelligent equipment and the survival rate of breeding. Successful breeding can enrich our choices, and automated gardening can accelerate urban greening. Similarly, the use of intelligent technology and equipment in intensive horticulture can not only reduce the cost of manpower, but also strengthen the accuracy and efficiency of management, thus increasing the output. This Special Issue focuses on the intelligent technology and equipment currently utilized to beautify the environment, promote agricultural intensification, and cultivate and breed species of plants.

Listed by Unglue.it.

During the last decade, software developments in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) provoked a notable increase of applications to the study of solid matter. The mineral liberation analysis (MLA) of processed metal ores was an important drive for innovations that led to QEMSCAN, MLA and other software platforms. These combine the assessment of the backscattered electron (BSE) image to the directed steering of the electron beam for energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to automated mineralogy. However, despite a wide distribution of SEM instruments in material research and industry, the potential of SEM automated mineralogy is still under-utilised. The characterisation of primary ores, and the optimisation of comminution, flotation, mineral concentration and metallurgical processes in the mining industry by generating quantified data, is still the major application field of SEM automated mineralogy. However, there is interesting potential beyond these classical fields of geometallurgy and metal ore fingerprinting. Slags, pottery and artefacts can be studied in an archeological context for the recognition of provenance and trade pathways; soil, and solid particles of all kinds, are objects in forensic science. SEM automated mineralogy allows new insight in the fields of process chemistry and recycling technology.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Remotely sensed data from either air- or spaceborne platforms are often leveraged for archaeological or more general cultural heritage goals. However, despite the steady developments in remote sensing technology over the past three decades, the thoughtful integration of data sources and methods into theoretically aware archaeological practice remains relatively underdeveloped. This volume contains nine contributions which, each in their way, address different theoretical dislocations and practical shortcomings in the use of remote sensing products within archaeological practice. These contributions provide the reader with food for thought on these challenges, and so contribute to archaeological remote sensing as a more mature interdisciplinary field characterised by explicit, thoughtful, and theoretically engaged approaches to understanding the past.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Only vestiges of the Middle Ages remain. They embody a period that has been assigned a wide range of historical, political and cultural meanings in modern and contemporary times. In addition to texts, images have also contributed to this. Material relics from sword pommels to cathedrals are presented to us in visual representations of printmaking, photography or book illustration. Through the transformation processes of targeted artistic appropriation and media transfer, not only the remains themselves take shape, but also the ways of seeing and understanding the past. The book traces this connection using the example of France, from the graphic arts of the late sixteenth century to the computer simulation of the early twenty-first century. It sketches a visual history of memory of the Middle Ages at the intersection of art history and history.

Listed by Unglue.it.

In recent years, the progress of digitization in the architecture and construction sectors has produced enormous advances in the automation of analysis and evaluation processes. This is the case with environmental analysis systems, such as the life cycle analysis. Methodology practitioners have found a fundamental ally in the building information modeling platforms, which allow tasks that conventionally consume large amounts of energy and time to be carried out more automatically and efficiently. In this publication, the reader will find some of the latest advances in this area.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Professor Hong-Yuan Chen is a full-time professor of analytical chemistry at Nanjing University, China. He graduated from Nanjing University in 1961 and became a professor in 1988. He worked as a visiting scholar at Mainz University from 1981 to 1984 and was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001. Professor Chen is well known as a pioneer in the field of electrochemistry and biosensors. He has authored numerous papers and reviews on chemical sensors, probes, labels, and bioassays; microchips, single-cell and single-particle imaging; and spectroscopic methods, including fluorescence and electrochemiluminescence imaging. Professor Chen also has experience in live cell analysis using microneedles, and his group first described microelectrodes in 1987. This work has been adopted in IUPAC. Professor Chen has published >1,100 papers with over >55000 citations and an h-index of 114. He received National Natural Science Award (2nd Class) from the Chinese Government (2007), the Scientific and Technological Progress Award from Ho Leung Hdo Lee Foundation (2007) and the Nature’s 2015 Lifetime Award for South China, among others. This Special Issue is dedicated to celebrating the career of Professor Hong-Yuan Chen in honor of his contributions to the fields of bionic recognition and biosensors.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book is a pivotal publication that seeks to address contemporary challenges to the blue economy in view of the growth in exploration and utilization of natural resources, transport connectivity, effects of climate change, sustainable fisheries management, food security, and social and economic issues of human well-being in coastal areas. Coastal territories and water areas are changing at an unprecedented pace in ways that fundamentally affect ecosystems, people, biodiversity, and sustainability. Such changes are driven primarily by rapid social and economic developments, economic disparities between countries, the internationalization of production and value chains, and industrialization. In this context, this publication supplements the existing literature by summoning political, economic, environmental, and social factors that influence various dimensions of the sustainable development of blue economy, as well as translating the findings into workable approaches and policies for the benefit of the economic actors, people, and the environment.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book celebrates the life, work and influence of Professor Roger W.H. Sargent of Imperial College London. It does so through a range of original contributions that span the wide academic and industry interests of Professor Sargent. Roger Sargent passed away in late 2018, but his legacy lives on through his enormous academic tree, which traces to the early 1960s. That huge body of work has also had significant impacts on industrial practices. Roger was regarded as “the father of Process Systems Engineering (PSE)”. This area of Chemical Engineering continues to influence the modelling, design, control, optimization and integrated performance of industrial and related processes. This book highlights some of those impacts and the ongoing importance of PSE in helping to solve some of the grand challenges of our time.

Listed by Unglue.it.

By the late 1940s, and since then, the continuous development of dislocation theories have provided the basis for correlating the macroscopic time-dependent deformation of metals and alloys—known as creep—to the time-dependent processes taking place within the metals and alloys. High-temperature deformation and stress relaxation effects have also been explained and modeled on similar bases. The knowledge of high-temperature deformation as well as its modeling in conventional or unconventional situations is becoming clearer year by year, with new contemporary and better performing high-temperature materials being constantly produced and investigated.This book includes recent contributions covering relevant topics and materials in the field in an innovative way. In the first section, contributions are related to the general description of creep deformation, damage, and ductility, while in the second section, innovative testing techniques of creep deformation are presented. The third section deals with creep in the presence of complex loading/temperature changes and environmental effects, while the last section focuses on material microstructure–creep correlations for specific material classes. The quality and potential of specific materials and microstructures, testing conditions, and modeling as addressed by specific contributions will surely inspire scientists and technicians in their own innovative approaches and studies on creep and high-temperature deformation.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Fluid interfaces are promising candidates for confining different types of materials - e.g., polymers, surfactants, colloids, and even small molecules - and for designing new functional materials with reduced dimensionality. The development of such materials requires a deepening of the Physico-chemical bases underlying the formation of layers at fluid interfaces, as well as on the characterization of their structures and properties. This is of particular importance because the constraints associated with the assembly of materials at the interface lead to the emergence of equilibrium and dynamics features in the interfacial systems, which are far from those conventionally found in the traditional materials. This Special Issue is devoted to studies on fundamental and applied aspects of fluid interfaces, trying to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current status of the research field.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Parallel to the physical space in our world, there exists cyberspace. In the physical space, there are human and nature interactions that produce products and services. On the other hand, in cyberspace there are interactions between humans and computer that also produce products and services. Yet, the products and services in cyberspace don’t materialize—they are electronic, they are millions of bits and bytes that are being transferred over cyberspace infrastructure.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Advances in the knowledge of the tangible components (position, size, shape) and intangible components (identity, habits) of an historic building or site involves fundamental and complex tasks in any project related to the conservation of cultural heritage (CH). In recent years, new geotechnologies have proven their usefulness and added value to the field of cultural heritage (CH) in the tasks of recording, modeling, conserving, and visualizing. In addition, current developments in building information modeling (HBIM), allow integration and simulation of different sources of information, generating a digital twin of any complex CH construction. As a result, experts in the area have increased the number of available sensors and methodologies. However, the quick evolution of geospatial technologies makes it necessary to revise their use, integration, and application in CH. This process is difficult to adopt, due to the new options which are opened for the study, analysis, management, and valorization of CH. Therefore, the aim of the present Special Issue is to cover the latest relevant topics, trends, and best practices in geospatial technologies and processing methodologies for CH sites and scenarios as well as to introduce the new tendencies. This book originates from the Special Issue “Data Acquisition and Processing in Cultural Heritage”, focusing primarily on data and sensor integration for CH; documentation/restoration in CH; heritage 3D documentation and modeling of complex CH sites; drone inspections in CH; software development in CH; and augmented reality in CH. It is hoped that this book will provide the advice and guidance required for any CH professional, making the best possible use of these sensors and methods in CH.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Today we are witnessing an increased use of data visualization in society. Across domains such as work, education and the news, various forms of graphs, charts and maps are used to explain, convince and tell stories. In an era in which more and more data are produced and circulated digitally, and digital tools make visualization production increasingly accessible, it is important to study the conditions under which such visual texts are generated, disseminated and thought to be of societal benefit. This book is a contribution to the multi-disciplined and multi-faceted conversation concerning the forms, uses and roles of data visualization in society. Do data visualizations do 'good' or 'bad'? Do they promote understanding and engagement, or do they do ideological work, privileging certain views of the world over others? The contributions in the book engage with these core questions from a range of disciplinary perspectives.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Digital and spatial studies of religions have developed rapidly as prominent research fields over the last two decades. This “spatial turn” has rippled through humanities and social sciences disciplines, and digital and spatial perspectives now occupy a central position in religious studies. However, various research efforts have led to disparate approaches to the digital and spatial study of religions without providing integrated and synergized connections between the digitalization and visualization of religious studies. This reprint aims to support and promote both digital and spatial studies of religions through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives, including those of all historical periods, regions, and religions. Collectively, this reprint demonstrates that digital and spatial studies are unique and constructive ways of discovering, developing, and delivering religious studies that remain undiscovered or unaddressed through conventional research methodology. In an effort to supplement the current digital humanities in general, and the spatial study of religions in particular, the reprint presents theoretical or applied research papers on Chinese religious sites and mapping that are theory-driven, innovative, and data-based.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Digital Humanities is a transformational endeavor that not only changes the perception, storage, and interpretation of information but also of research processes and questions. It also prompts new ways of interdisciplinary communication between humanities scholars and computer scientists. This volume offers a unique perspective on digital methods for and in the humanities. It comprises case studies from various fields to illustrate the challenge of matching existing textual research practices and digital tools. Problems and solutions with and for training tools as well as the adjustment of research practices are presented and discussed with an interdisciplinary focus.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This reprint includes impactful chapters related to document-image related visual sensing, which do present and comprehensively discuss selected scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques. Indeed, document imaging/scanning approaches are essential techniques for digitalizing documents in various real-world contexts. This reprint emerging from the Special Issue "Document-Image Related Visual Sensors and Machine Learning Techniques” can be viewed as a result of the crucial need for document management systems. Such technologies are being applied in various fields or different domains and parts of the world to address relevant challenges that could not be addressed without the advances made in these technologies. The reprint includes impactful chapters that present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and innovative ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques to overcome a series of key challenges related to document imaging/scanning, text detection, text recognition, and documents clustering.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Satellite Earth observation (EO) data have already exceeded the petabyte scale and are increasingly freely and openly available from different data providers. This poses a number of issues in terms of volume (e.g., data volumes have increased 10

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book collects 15 papers written by renowned scholars from across the globe that showcase the forefront research in Earth observation (EO), remote sensing (RS), and geoscientific ground investigations to study archaeological records and cultural heritage.Archaeologists, anthropologists, geographers, remote sensing, and archaeometry experts share their methodologies relying on a wealth of techniques and data including, but not limited to: very high resolution satellite images from optical and radar space-borne sensors, air-borne surveys, geographic information systems (GIS), archaeological fieldwork, and historical maps.A couple of the contributions highlight the value of noninvasive and nondestructive laboratory analyses (e.g., neutron diffraction) to reconstruct ancient manufacturing technologies, and of geological ground investigations to corroborate hypotheses of historical events that shaped cultural landscapes.Case studies encompass famous UNESCO World Heritage Sites (e.g., the Nasca Lines in Peru), remote and yet-to-discover archaeological areas in tropical forests in central America, European countries, south Asian changing landscapes, and environments which are arid nowadays but were probably full of woody vegetation in the past.Finally, the reader can learn about the state-of-the-art of education initiatives to train site managers in the use of space technologies in support of their activities, and can understand the legal aspects involved in the application of EO and RS to address current challenges of African heritage preservation.

Listed by Unglue.it.

Industrial product development requires close collaboration between experts of several disciplines. Misunderstandings and discussions are inevitable. An integrated visualization of discipline specific conceptual models can foster agreement between experts. This work introduces a three dimensional visualization for integrated conceptual models. Models are arranged in a common 3-D information space. Dependencies are visible and provide a means for interdisciplinary problem solving.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Listed by Unglue.it.

Wenn in wissenschaftlichen Zusammenhängen etwas sichtbar wird, dann häufig, weil es in experimentellen Verfahren sichtbar gemacht worden ist. Die operative »Sichtbarmachung« erlaubt neue Perspektiven auf die disjunktive Verschränktheit von Wissenschafts- und Mediengeschichte. Eine Archäologie des Sichtbaren - wie sie etwa am Beispiel mikrofotografischer Verfahren der Bakteriologie nachvollzogen werden kann - betont die materiell-diskursive Konfiguration von Wissensproduktion. Die erzeugten »epistemischen Bilder« fungieren demnach als Relais zwischen Erkenntnis und Sichtbarkeit. Sebastian Scholz nähert sich dieser komplexen Konstellation mit dem Ziel, »das Sichtbare« zu problematisieren und Potentiale einer operativen Medien-Onto-Epistemologie aufzuzeigen.

Listed by Unglue.it.