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Evénements climatiques extrêmes : réduire les vulnérabilités des systèmes écologiques et sociaux

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In today's world, almost all extreme natural events could be described as disaster. Of the 25 most costly disasters since 1970, all occurred after 1987 and 23 of them are linked to climatic conditions. And it doesn't just happen to others. France, too, is not spared: 88 dead and 9 billion euros of damage for the storms of December 1999, nearly 15,000 deaths for the heat wave from 1 to 20 August 2003. The recent storm Xynthia, with its ruptures of dikes, caused 53 deaths, adding to so many other tragedies that occurred in flood zones, and questioning us. For example, are we ready to face a flood comparable to that of 1910 in the Paris of tomorrow? In the current climate change climate, we know that we have to prepare for more dangerous, sometimes unprecedented, extreme events. These events see their effects amplified by urban development, overcrowding of coastal areas and the anthropization of natural environments. They represent real "poverty traps" for the poorest countries on the Planet. This is the subject of this report by the Academy of Sciences which analyzes the question of these extreme climatic events and their foreseeable consequences on the economic, social, health and security systems. There is therefore a real need for anticipation: is our country ready to respond to it? Is it participating enough in international actions to reduce risks? Does it have appropriate scientific information? Dans le monde d'aujourd'hui, presque tous les ©?v©?nements naturels extr©®mes pourraient ©®tre qualifi©?s de d©?sastre. Sur les 25 catastrophes les plus couteuses depuis 1970, toutes sont survenues apr©·s 1987 et 23 d'entre elles sont li©?es aux conditions climatiques. Et cela n'arrive pas qu'aux autres. La France, elle non plus, n'est pas ©?pargn©?e : 88 morts et 9 milliards d'euros de d©?gats pour les temp©®tes de d©?cembre 1999, pr©·s de 15000 d©?c©·s pour la canicule du 1er au 20 aout 2003. La r©?cente temp©®te Xynthia, avec ses ruptures de digues, a provoqu©? 53 morts, s'ajoutant © tant d'autres trag©?dies survenues dans des zones inondables, et nous interrogeant. Sommes-nous pr©®ts par exemple © affronter une crue comparable © celle de 1910 dans le Paris de demain ? Dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique, nous savons que nous devons nous pr©?parer © des ©?v©?nements extr©®mes plus dangereux, quelquefois in©?dits. Ces ©?v©?nements voient leurs effets amplifi©?s par le d©?veloppement urbain, le surpeuplement des zones littorales et l'anthropisation des milieux naturels. Ils repr©?sentent de v©?ritables ?± trappes © pauvret©? ? pour les pays les plus pauvres de la Plan©·te. C'est l'objet de ce rapport de l'Acad©?mie des Sciences qui analyse la question de ces ©?v©?nements climatiques extr©®mes et de leurs cons©?quences pr©?visibles sur les syst©·mes ©?conomiques, sociaux, sanitaires et de s©?curit©?. Un r©?el besoin d'anticipation existe donc : notre pays est-il pr©®t © y r©?pondre? Participe-t-il suffi samment aux actions internationales visant © r©?duire les risques? Dispose-t-il d'une information scientifique appropri©?e?… (more)
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In today's world, almost all extreme natural events could be described as disaster. Of the 25 most costly disasters since 1970, all occurred after 1987 and 23 of them are linked to climatic conditions. And it doesn't just happen to others. France, too, is not spared: 88 dead and 9 billion euros of damage for the storms of December 1999, nearly 15,000 deaths for the heat wave from 1 to 20 August 2003. The recent storm Xynthia, with its ruptures of dikes, caused 53 deaths, adding to so many other tragedies that occurred in flood zones, and questioning us. For example, are we ready to face a flood comparable to that of 1910 in the Paris of tomorrow? In the current climate change climate, we know that we have to prepare for more dangerous, sometimes unprecedented, extreme events. These events see their effects amplified by urban development, overcrowding of coastal areas and the anthropization of natural environments. They represent real "poverty traps" for the poorest countries on the Planet. This is the subject of this report by the Academy of Sciences which analyzes the question of these extreme climatic events and their foreseeable consequences on the economic, social, health and security systems. There is therefore a real need for anticipation: is our country ready to respond to it? Is it participating enough in international actions to reduce risks? Does it have appropriate scientific information? Dans le monde d'aujourd'hui, presque tous les ©?v©?nements naturels extr©®mes pourraient ©®tre qualifi©?s de d©?sastre. Sur les 25 catastrophes les plus couteuses depuis 1970, toutes sont survenues apr©·s 1987 et 23 d'entre elles sont li©?es aux conditions climatiques. Et cela n'arrive pas qu'aux autres. La France, elle non plus, n'est pas ©?pargn©?e : 88 morts et 9 milliards d'euros de d©?gats pour les temp©®tes de d©?cembre 1999, pr©·s de 15000 d©?c©·s pour la canicule du 1er au 20 aout 2003. La r©?cente temp©®te Xynthia, avec ses ruptures de digues, a provoqu©? 53 morts, s'ajoutant © tant d'autres trag©?dies survenues dans des zones inondables, et nous interrogeant. Sommes-nous pr©®ts par exemple © affronter une crue comparable © celle de 1910 dans le Paris de demain ? Dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique, nous savons que nous devons nous pr©?parer © des ©?v©?nements extr©®mes plus dangereux, quelquefois in©?dits. Ces ©?v©?nements voient leurs effets amplifi©?s par le d©?veloppement urbain, le surpeuplement des zones littorales et l'anthropisation des milieux naturels. Ils repr©?sentent de v©?ritables ?± trappes © pauvret©? ? pour les pays les plus pauvres de la Plan©·te. C'est l'objet de ce rapport de l'Acad©?mie des Sciences qui analyse la question de ces ©?v©?nements climatiques extr©®mes et de leurs cons©?quences pr©?visibles sur les syst©·mes ©?conomiques, sociaux, sanitaires et de s©?curit©?. Un r©?el besoin d'anticipation existe donc : notre pays est-il pr©®t © y r©?pondre? Participe-t-il suffi samment aux actions internationales visant © r©?duire les risques? Dispose-t-il d'une information scientifique appropri©?e?

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