This book is a well-organized text with carefully constructed examples, a full quota of exercises with solutions, and an emphasis that is algebraic rather than geometric. The book is Sage-enabled with approximately 90 examples of Sage code spread throughout. The book sections can be loaded into Sage as worksheets so that the code can be evaluated immediately; however, it is not necessary to use Sage in order to make use of this textbook.
The HTML version is a fully featured electronic text with cross references that expand in place. It works well on an iPad or any device with Internet access. The Sage examples are executed by the Sage single cell server over the Internet, and students can experiment with their own examples as they read without needing to install Sage or log into a Sage server. Most students will prefer this version over both the pdf and print versions.
As stated in the preface of the book, the dual aims are “to teach the fundamental concepts and techniques of matrix algebra and abstract vector spaces, and to teach the techniques associated with understanding the definitions and theorems forming a coherent area of mathematics.”
Verion 3.50 (spring 2016) is archived here. Online and Hardcover versions are available via the author's website.
Thank you for your interest in this textbook! It has been carefully developed over the past few years to give you a smooth and gentle ramp-up into the world of functional programming, as taught using the functional parts of F#. If it helps you to learn the ins and outs of practical functional programming, please recommend it to others.
This first general textbook An introduction to ontology engineering has as main aim to provide the reader with a comprehensive introductory overview of ontology engineering. A secondary aim is to provide hands-on experience in ontology development that illustrate the theory.
The book is divided into three blocks:
The end of each chapter contains review questions and exercises. Also, descriptions of two assignments are provided.
The textbook is principally aimed at advanced undergraduate/postgradute level in computer science and could fit a semester course in ontology engineering or a 2-week (very/perhaps too) intensive crash course. Domain experts and philosophers may find a subset of the chapters of interest, or work through the chapters in a different order.
This book, which presupposes familiarity only with the most elementary concepts of arithmetic (divisibility properties, greatest common divisor, etc.), is an expanded version of a series of lectures for graduate students on elementary number theory. Topics include: Compositions and Partitions; Arithmetic Functions; Distribution of Primes; Irrational Numbers; Congruences; Diophantine Equations; Combinatorial Number Theory; and Geometry of Numbers. Three sections of problems (which include exercises as well as unsolved problems) complete the text.
The Trillia Group accepts donations from people who are otherwise licensed to use An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers free of charge. Donations of as little as US$2 or €2 help us continue to produce and distribute quality online texts.
Animals and Ethics 101 helps readers identify and evaluate the arguments for and against various uses of animals, such as:
And other challenging issues and questions. Developed as a companion volume to an online "Animals & Ethics" course, it is ideal for classroom use, discussion groups or self study. The book presupposes no conclusions on these controversial moral questions about the treatment of animals, and argues for none either. Its goal is to help the reader better engage the issues and arguments on all sides with greater clarity, understanding and argumentative rigor. Nathan Nobis, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Morehouse College in Atlanta, GA USA.
Astronomy is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of one- or two-semester introductory astronomy courses. The book begins with relevant scientific fundamentals and progresses through an exploration of the solar system, stars, galaxies and cosmology. The Astronomy textbook builds student understanding through the use of relevant analogies, clear and non-technical explanations, and rich illustrations. Mathematics is included in a flexible manner to meet the needs of individual instructors.
This book helps the student complete the transition from purely manipulative to rigorous mathematics. The clear exposition covers many topics that are assumed by later courses but are often not covered with any depth or organization: basic set theory, induction, quantifiers, functions and relations, equivalence relations, properties of the real numbers (including consequences of the completeness axiom), fields, and basic properties of n-dimensional Euclidean spaces.
The many exercises and optional topics (isomorphism of complete ordered fields, construction of the real numbers through Dedekind cuts, introduction to normed linear spaces, etc.) allow the instructor to adapt this book to many environments and levels of students. Extensive hypertextual cross-references and hyperlinked indexes of terms and notation add truly interactive elements to the text.
There is a list of errata that records changes made to the text since the version of October 29, 2001. Other formats available at trillia.com
This book is an introduction to the language and standard proof methods of mathematics. It is a bridge from the computational courses (such as calculus or differential equations) that students typically encounter in their first year of college to a more abstract outlook. It lays a foundation for more theoretical courses such as topology, analysis and abstract algebra. Although it may be more meaningful to the student who has had some calculus, there is really no prerequisite other than a measure of mathematical maturity. Topics include sets, logic, counting, methods of conditional and non-conditional proof, disproof, induction, relations, functions and infinite cardinality.
Print editions available via the author's website.
Derivatives tell how a function is changing. Integrals construct the function from its changes. Calculus is the starting point for science and engineering and economics and understanding.
Published in 1991 by Wellesley-Cambridge Press, (hard copies are available for purchase) the book is a useful resource for educators and self-learners alike. It is well organized, covers single variable and multivariable calculus in depth, and is rich with applications. There is also an online Instructor's Manual and a student Study Guide at MIT Open Courseware.
Chemistry is designed for the two-semester general chemistry course. For many students, this course provides the foundation to a career in chemistry, while for others, this may be their only college-level science course. As such, this textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The text has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most general chemistry courses. At the same time, the book includes a number of innovative features designed to enhance student learning. A strength of Chemistry is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom.
Get Chemistry at OpenStax College
This book is divided into two parts. Part I is a Composition Handbook designed to teach students the components of the writing process and the conventions of various forms of school and college writing assignments. Part II is an Anthology of Literature designed to help students read actively, analyze, understand, enjoy, and appreciate stories, poems, and plays by a diverse and inclusive group of exceptional writers.
This textbook came from a frustration of its main author. Many authors chose to write a textbook because there are no textbooks in their field or because they are not satisfied with the existing textbooks. This frustration has produced several excellent textbooks in the networking community.
The frustrations that motivated this book are different. When the main author started to teach networking in the late 1990s, students were already Internet users, but their usage was limited. Students were still using reference textbooks and spent time in the library. Today’s students are completely different. They are avid and experimented web users who find lots of information on the web. This is a positive attitude since they are probably more curious than their predecessors. Thanks to the information that is available on the Internet, they can check or obtain additional information about the topics explained by their teachers. This abundant information creates several challenges for a teacher. Until the end of the nineteenth century, a teacher was by definition more knowledgeable than his students and it was very difficult for the students to verify the lessons given by their teachers. Today, given the amount of information available at the fingertips of each student through the Internet, verifying a lesson or getting more information about a given topic is sometimes only a few clicks away. Websites such as wikipedia provide lots of information on various topics and students often consult them. Unfortunately, the organisation of the information on these websites is not well suited to allow students to learn from them. Furthermore, there are huge differences in the quality and depth of the information that is available for different topics.
The second reason is that the computer networking community is a strong participant in the open-source movement. Today, there are high-quality and widely used open-source implementations for most networking protocols. This includes the TCP/IP implementations that are part of linux, freebsd or the uIP stack running on 8bits controllers, but also servers such as bind, unbound, apache or sendmail and implementations of routing protocols such as xorp or quagga. Furthermore, the documents that define almost all of the Internet protocols have been developed within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) using an open process. The IETF publishes its protocol specifications in the publicly available RFC and new proposals are described in Internet drafts.
This open textbook aims to fill the gap between the open-source implementations and the open-source network specifications by providing a detailed but pedagogical description of the key principles that guide the operation of the Internet. The book is released under a creative commons licence. Such an open-source license is motivated by two reasons. The first is that we hope that this will allow many students to use the book to learn computer networks. The second is that I hope that other teachers will reuse, adapt and improve it. Time will tell if it is possible to build a community of contributors to improve and develop the book further. As a starting point, the first release contains all the material for a one-semester first upper undergraduate or a graduate networking course.
The current HTML version of the book is at http://cnp3book.info.ucl.ac.be/1st/html/index.html. A draft for the 2nd edition is available.
This textbook came from a frustration of its main author. Many authors chose to write a textbook because there are no textbooks in their field or because they are not satisfied with the existing textbooks. This frustration has produced several excellent textbooks in the networking community.
The frustrations that motivated this book are different. When the main author started to teach networking in the late 1990s, students were already Internet users, but their usage was limited. Students were still using reference textbooks and spent time in the library. Today’s students are completely different. They are avid and experimented web users who find lots of information on the web. This is a positive attitude since they are probably more curious than their predecessors. Thanks to the information that is available on the Internet, they can check or obtain additional information about the topics explained by their teachers. This abundant information creates several challenges for a teacher. Until the end of the nineteenth century, a teacher was by definition more knowledgeable than his students and it was very difficult for the students to verify the lessons given by their teachers. Today, given the amount of information available at the fingertips of each student through the Internet, verifying a lesson or getting more information about a given topic is sometimes only a few clicks away. Websites such as wikipedia provide lots of information on various topics and students often consult them. Unfortunately, the organisation of the information on these websites is not well suited to allow students to learn from them. Furthermore, there are huge differences in the quality and depth of the information that is available for different topics.
The second reason is that the computer networking community is a strong participant in the open-source movement. Today, there are high-quality and widely used open-source implementations for most networking protocols. This includes the TCP/IP implementations that are part of linux, freebsd or the uIP stack running on 8bits controllers, but also servers such as bind, unbound, apache or sendmail and implementations of routing protocols such as xorp or quagga. Furthermore, the documents that define almost all of the Internet protocols have been developed within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) using an open process. The IETF publishes its protocol specifications in the publicly available RFC and new proposals are described in Internet drafts.
This open textbook aims to fill the gap between the open-source implementations and the open-source network specifications by providing a detailed but pedagogical description of the key principles that guide the operation of the Internet. The book is released under a creative commons licence. Such an open-source license is motivated by two reasons. The first is that we hope that this will allow many students to use the book to learn computer networks. The second is that I hope that other teachers will reuse, adapt and improve it. Time will tell if it is possible to build a community of contributors to improve and develop the book further. As a starting point, the first release contains all the material for a one-semester first upper undergraduate or a graduate networking course.
The current HTML version of the book is at http://cnp3book.info.ucl.ac.be/1st/html/index.html. A draft for the 2nd edition is available.
Some law students come to the subject of copyright law with at least a rough working understanding of what copyright is, and what it does (or is theoretically supposed to do). But for many others, copyright has been, and is at the moment, a subject that they’ve perhaps heard about but haven’t explored too deeply. Whatever level of knowledge you have about copyright at the moment, by the end of this book you will gain a firm grounding in the fundamentals of U.S. copyright law.
Jeanne C. Fromer is Professor, New York University School of Law, and Co-Director, Engelberg Center on Innovation Law and Policy
Christopher Jon Sprigman is Professor, New York University School of Law, and Co-Director, Engelberg Center on Innovation Law and Policy
Welcome to Criminal Law, your guide to a fascinating yet challenging topic. This engaging and interactive textbook will enhance your ability to be successful in academics or a career in criminal justice.
Criminal Law uses a two-step process to augment learning, called the applied approach. First, after building a strong foundation from scratch, Criminal Law introduces you to crimes and defenses that have been broken down into separate components. It is so much easier to memorize and comprehend the subject matter when it is simplified this way. However, becoming proficient in the law takes more than just memorization. You must be trained to take the laws you have studied and apply them to various fact patterns. Most students are expected to do this automatically, but application must be seen, experienced, and practiced before it comes naturally. Thus the second step of the applied approach is reviewing examples of the application of law to facts after dissecting and analyzing each legal concept. Some of the examples come from cases, and some are purely fictional. All the examples are memorable, even quirky, so they will stick in your mind and be available when you need them the most (like during an exam). After a few chapters, you will notice that you no longer obsess over an explanation that doesn’t completely make sense the first time you read it—you will just skip to the example. The examples clarify the principles for you, lightening the workload significantly.
Current versions including print are available via the author's web site.
Discover Physics is a conceptual physics textbook intended for students in a nonmathematical one-semester general-education course. The new version of Discover Physics is Conceptual Physics. The author is no longer actively maintaining Discover Physics, and recommends that new adopters use Conceptual Physics instead.
LaTeX source code is available.
Scientific research has been one of the great drivers of progress in human history, and the dramatic changes we have seen during the past century are due primarily to scientific findings—modern medicine, electronics, automobiles and jets, birth control, and a host of other helpful inventions. Psychologists believe that scientific methods can be used in the behavioral domain to understand and improve the world. Although psychology trails the biological and physical sciences in terms of progress, we are optimistic based on discoveries to date that scientific psychology will make many important discoveries that can benefit humanity. This module outlines the characteristics of the science, and the promises it holds for understanding behavior. The ethics that guide psychological research are briefly described. It concludes with the reasons you should learn about scientific psychology.
This textbook presents core concepts common to introductory courses. The 15 units cover the traditional areas of intro-to-psychology; ranging from biological aspects of psychology to psychological disorders to social psychology. This book can be modified: feel free to add or remove modules to better suit your specific needs.
Read online at the Noba Project or get low-cost print copies.
Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction is a free, open source textbook appropriate for a first or second year undergraduate course for math majors, especially those who will go on to teach. Since Spring 2013, the book has been used as the primary textbook or a supplemental resource at more than 75 colleges and universities around the world. The text is endorsed by the American Institute of Mathematics' Open Textbook Initiative.
The entire book is available for free as an interactive online ebook. This should work well on all screen sizes, including smart phones. Hints and solutions to examples and exercises are hidden but easily revealed by clicking on their links. Some exercises also allow you to enter and check your work, so you can try multiple times without spoiling the answer.
ESPP is for students from any programme of study. Students develop analytical tools and data handling skills as they engage with the most pressing policy problems facing our societies: inequality, financial instability, climate change, wealth creation, and innovation. No previous knowledge of economics is needed.
In order to be well-governed, a democracy needs voters who are fluent in the language of economics and who can do some quantitative analysis of social and economic policy. We also need a well-trained cadre of researchers and journalists who have more advanced skills in these fields.
Many students in other disciplines are drawn to economics so that they can engage with policy debates on environmental sustainability, inequality, the future of work, financial instability, and innovation. But, when they begin the study of economics, they find that courses appear to have little to do with these pressing policy matters, and are designed primarily for students who want to study the subject as their major, or even for those going on to post-graduate study in the field.
The result: policy-oriented students often find they have to choose between a quantitative and analytical course of study—economics—that is only minimally policy oriented in content and that downplays the insights of other disciplines, or a policy and problem-oriented course of study that gives them little training in modelling or quantitative scientific methods.
Economy, Society, and Public Policy changes this.
It has been created specifically for students from social science, public policy, business and management, engineering, biology, and other disciplines, who are not economics majors. If you are one of these students, we want to engage, challenge, and empower you with an understanding of economics. We hope you will acquire the tools to articulate reasoned views on pressing policy problems. You may even decide to take more courses in economics as a result.
Print and online versions available from CoreEcon
This textbook is written in both English and Portuguese.
O livro Educação e Tecnologia: abordagens críticas apresenta uma coletânea de textos coerentes com seu título. São artigos que questionam preconceitos e lançam enfoques originais (e surpreendentes!) sobre o uso e apropriação das tecnologias em ambientes educacionais, sejam escolas ou universidades.
Os capítulos procuram situar as tecnologias mais recentes no atual contexto do capitalismo avançado, preocupando-se com questões contemporâneas como o uso cada vez maior (e velado) dos nossos dados pessoais em plataformas educacionais "em nuvem", a relação (nem sempre clara) entre empresas do setor privado e projetos na área de tecnologia educacional, o uso de avaliações padronizadas e materiais didáticos tradicionais periodicamente ofertados em novas roupagens técnicas (produtos educacionais) e, também, as ideologias e utopias tecnológicas e sua relação com a exploração do trabalho docente.
Os temas dos capítulos instigam o leitor a pensar a tecnologia de forma "nua e crua", em seus movimentos e fazeres palpáveis e cotidianos,l evando seus leitores a saírem da fase tecnofílica que (ainda) predomina em trabalhos acadêmicos neste campo. Os organizadores destacam, com razão, a necessidade de superarmos maniqueísmos (ora a tecnologia destrói, ora é salvadora) e nos atermos mais às contingências e práticas presentes nos diferentes movimentos da tecnologia educacional contemporânea.
The book ‘Education and technology: critical approaches’ presents a collection of texts entirely coherent with its title. These pieces question preconceptions and advance original (and surprising!) approaches to the use and appropriation of technologies in educational environments, whether schools or universities.
The chapters seek to locate the most recent technologies within the current context of advanced capitalism, tackling contemporary questions such as the increasing (and veiled) use of our personal data in educational platforms ‘in the cloud’, the (not always explicit) relationship between private enterprise and educational technology projects, the use of standardised assessment and traditional teaching materials periodically offered in new technical guises (educational products) and, also, technological ideologies and utopias and their relationship with the exploitation of teachers’ work.
The various chapters urge the reader to think without subterfuges about technologies, their everyday movements and tangible creations, encouraging them to abandon the technophilia that still predominates in academic work in this area. The organisers rightly stress the need for us to overcome binaries (technology either destroys or saves) and to pay closer attention to contingencies and practices conducted in different movements of contemporary educational technology.
This is a calculus textbook at the college Freshman level based on Abraham Robinson's infinitesimals, which date from 1960. Robinson's modern infinitesimal approach puts the intuitive ideas of the founders of the calculus on a mathematically sound footing, and is easier for beginners to understand than the more common approach via epsilon, delta definitions.
The First Edition of this book was published in 1976, and a revised Second Edition was published in 1986, both by Prindle, Weber & Schmidt. When the Second Edition became out of print, the copyright was returned to me as the author. In September 2002 I decided to make the book available for free in electronic form at this site. These PDF files were made from the printed Second Edition, and are continually being revised with minor corrections.
A Third Edition of this book was published by Dover Publications, Inc. in 2012, with the agreement that this online version will continue to be freely available. This gives you the choice of downloading this free version or purchasing the printed book.
The author's goals in writing Exploring Business were simple: (1) introduce students to business in an exciting way and (2) provide faculty with a fully developed teaching package that allows them to do the former.
A version 2.1 edition is available at a low price from Flat World Knowledge
This book focuses on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete convolution, and, particularly, the fast algorithms to calculate them. These topics have been at the center of digital signal processing since its beginning, and new results in hardware, theory and applications continue to keep them important and exciting.
As far as we can tell, Gauss was the first to propose the techniques that we now call the fast Fourier transform (FFT) for calculating the coefficients in a trigonometric expansion of an asteroid's orbit in 1805. However, it was the seminal paper by Cooley and Tukey in 1965 that caught the attention of the science and engineering community and, in a way, founded the discipline of digital signal processing (DSP).
The impact of the Cooley-Tukey FFT was enormous. Problems could be solved quickly that were not even considered a few years earlier. A flurry of research expanded the theory and developed excellent practical programs as well as opening new applications. In 1976, Winograd published a short paper that set a second flurry of research in motion. This was another type of algorithm that expanded the data lengths that could be transformed efficiently and reduced the number of multiplications required. The ground work for this algorithm had be set earlier by Good and by Rader. In 1997 Frigo and Johnson developed a program they called the FFTW (fastest Fourier transform in the west) which is a composite of many of ideas in other algorithms as well as new results to give a robust, very fast system for general data lengths on a variety of computer and DSP architectures. This work won the 1999 Wilkinson Prize for Numerical Software.
It is hard to overemphasis the importance of the DFT, convolution, and fast algorithms. With a history that goes back to Gauss and a compilation of references on these topics that in 1995 resulted in over 2400 entries, the FFT may be the most important numerical algorithm in science, engineering, and applied mathematics. New theoretical results still are appearing, advances in computers and hardware continually restate the basic questions, and new applications open new areas for research. It is hoped that this book will provide the background, references, programs and incentive to encourage further research and results in this area as well as provide tools for practical applications.
Studying the FFT is not only valuable in understanding a powerful tool, it is also a prototype or example of how algorithms can be made efficient and how a theory can be developed to define optimality. The history of this development also gives insight into the process of research where timing and serendipity play interesting roles.
Several chapters or sections are written by authors who have extensive experience and depth working on the particular topics. Ivan Selesnick had written several papers on the design of short FFTs to be used in the prime factor algorithm (PFA) FFT and on automatic design of these short FFTs. Markus Püschel has developed a theoretical framework for “Algebraic Signal Processing" which allows a structured generation of FFT programs and a system called “Spiral" for automatically generating algorithms specifically for an architicture. Steven Johnson along with his colleague Matteo Frigo created, developed, and now maintains the powerful FFTW system: the Fastest Fourier Transform in the West. I sincerely thank these authors for their significant contributions.
Financial Strategy for Public Managers is a new generation textbook for financial management in the public sector. It offers a thorough, applied, and concise introduction to the essential financial concepts and analytical tools that today’s effective public servants need to know. It starts “at the beginning” and assumes no prior knowledge or experience in financial management. Throughout the text, Kioko and Marlowe emphasize how financial information can and should inform every aspect of public sector strategy, from routine procurement decisions to budget preparation to program design to major new policy initiatives. They draw upon dozens of real-world examples, cases, and applied problems to bring that relationship between information and strategy to life. Unlike other public financial management texts, the authors also integrate foundational principles across the government, non-profit, and “hybrid/for-benefit” sectors. Coverage includes basic principles of accounting and financial reporting, preparing and analyzing financial statements, cost analysis, and the process and politics of budget preparation. The text also includes several large case studies appropriate for class discussion and/or graded assignments.
Français interactif, http://www.laits.utexas.edu/fi/, the web-based French program developed and in use at the University of Texas since 2004, and its companion site, Tex’s French Grammar (2000) www.laits.utexas.edu/tex/ are open acess sites, free and open multimedia resources, which require neither password nor fees. Français interactif, used increasingly by students, teachers, and institutions throughout the world, includes 320 videos (American students in France, native French interviews, vocabulary and culture presentation videos) recorded vocabulary lists, phonetic lessons, online grammar lessons (600 pages) with self-correcting exercises and audio dialogues, online grammar tools (verb conjugation reference, verb practice), and di- agnostic grammar tests. The accompanying textbook of classroom activities and homework is downloadable from the website in pdf format and available from the online publisher, qoop.com.
Français interactif was developed at the University of Texas Austin in the Department of French and Italian. It has been funded and created by Liberal Arts Instructional Technology Services at the University of Texas, and is currently supported by U.S. Department of Education Fund for the Improvement of Post- Secondary Education (FIPSE Grant P116B070251) as an example of the open access initiative. Open access sites require neither password nor fees. They are free and open multimedia resources which promote learning and scholarship for everyone, everywhere!
Fundamentals of Business (2016) is an openly licensed textbook designed for use in Virginia Tech’s Pamplin College of Business introductory level business course, MGT1104 Foundations of Business. Share and find ancillary resources for this book at OER Commons. Questions? Comments? Did you adopt this book? Please contact the project manager at lib-sc-g@vt.edu. This work is a project of University Libraries and the Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Tech. Lead Author: Stephen J. Skripak Contributors: Richard Parsons, Anastasia Cortes, Anita Walz Layout: Anastasia Cortes Selected graphics: Brian Craig http://bcraigdesign.com Cover design: Trevor Finney Student Reviewers: Jonathan De Pena, Nina Lindsay, Sachi Soni Project Manager: Anita Walz
Print-on-demand softcover versions of this work are available at the cost of manufacturing and shipping from Lulu Press: color | black & white.
This open-source book by Crowell, Robbin, and Angenent is a spin-off of a previous open-source book by Robbin and Angenent. It covers the first semester of a freshman calculus course.
Supplemental material and print edition are available.
An informal introduction to the derivative
Limits; techniques of differentiation
The second derivative
More about limits; curve sketching
More derivatives
Indeterminate forms and L’Hôpital’s rule
From functions to variables
The integral
Basic techniques of integration
Applications of the integral
After teaching game theory (at both the undergraduate and graduate level) at the University of California, Davis for 25 years, the author decided to organize all his teaching material in a textbook. There are many excellent textbooks in game theory and there is hardly any need for a new one. However, there are two distinguishing features of this textbook: (1) it is open access and thus free, and (2) it contains an unusually large number of exercises (a total of 165) with complete and detailed answers.
The author tried to write the book in such a way that it would be accessible to anybody with minimum knowledge of mathematics (high-school level algebra and some elementary notions of probability) and no prior knowledge of game theory. However, the book is intended to be rigorous and it includes several proofs. The author believes it is appropriate for an advanced undergraduate class in game theory and also for a first-year graduate-level class.
This is a textbook on general relativity for upper-division undergraduates majoring in physics, at roughly the same level as Rindler's Essential Relativity or Hartle's Gravity. The book is meant to be especially well adapted for self-study, and answers are given in the back of the book for almost all the problems. The ratio of conceptual to mathematical problems is higher than in most books. The notational system emphasized most strongly is coordinate-free abstract index notation. Knowledge of first-year calculus and lower-division mechanics and electromagnetism is assumed. Differential equations, linear algebra, and vector calculus are used in various spots, and although it would not be too hard to skip over those spots while understanding the general ideas, the reality is that general relativity is a subject in which a fairly high degree of mathematical maturity will be useful. Special relativity is introduced from scratch, but it will be very helpful to have a thorough previous knowledge of SR, at the level of a book such as Taylor and Wheeler's Spacetime Physics or the author's text Special Relativity.
Source and print edition are available.
Das Thema Hispanoamerika ist in deutschen und österreichischen Geschichtsschulbüchern aus dem ersten Jahrzehnt des 21. Jahrhunderts massiv von populären Geschichtsmythen geprägt, was eine große Kluft zwischen Schulbuchdiskurs und Fachwissenschaft zur Folge hat. Teilweise gelangten die Mythen - wie beispielsweise die Erzählung über die von Kolumbus überwundene vermeintlich flache Erde des Mittelalters - erst im 20. Jahrhundert in die Lehrwerke, was anhand einer Analyse von Schulbüchern aus vier Jahrhunderten gezeigt werden kann. Die Mythen zu Hispanoamerika und ihre verschiedenen Basisannahmen waren für verschiedene Kollektive im Laufe der Geschichte wichtige Tradierungsbedürfnisse, wurden Teil des kollektiven Bewusstseins und unhinterfragt in deutsche und österreichische Schulbücher übernommen.
Listed by Unglue.it.
This textbook -- written by a group of select experts with a focus on different aspects of the design process, from creation to production -- addresses the many steps of creating and then producing physical, printed, or other imaged products that people interact with on a daily basis. It covers the concept that, while most modern graphic design is created on computers using design software, the ideas and concepts don’t stay on the computer. The ideas need to be completed in the computer software, then progress to an imaging (traditionally referred to as printing) process. Keywords are highlighted throughout and summarized in a Glossary at the end of the book, and each chapter includes exercises and suggested readings.
The Graphic Communications Open Textbook Collective consists of Wayne Collins, Alex Hass, Ken Jeffery, Alan Martin, Roberto Medeiros, and Steve Tomljanovic.
Print copies are available for purchase from BC Campus OpenEd
This work examines the main directions of research conducted on the history of mathematics education. It devotes substantial attention to research methodologies and the connections between this field and other scholarly fields. The results of a survey about academic literature on this subject are accompanied by a discussion of what has yet to be done and problems that remain unsolved.
The main topics you will find in “ICME-13 Topical Survey” include:
• Discussions of methodological issues in the history of mathematics education and of the relation between this field and other scholarly fields.
• The history of the formation and transformation of curricula and textbooks as a reflection of trends in social-economic, cultural and scientific-technological development.
• The influence of politics, ideology and economics on the development of mathematics education, from a historical perspective.<
• The history of the preeminent mathematics education organizations and the work of leading figures in mathematics education.
• Mathematics education practices and tools and the preparation of mathematics teachers, from a historical perspective.
Introduction to Philosophy: Philosophy of Religion introduces some of the major traditional arguments for and against the existence of God, as well as some less well-known, but thought-provoking arguments for the existence of God, and one of the most important new challenges to religious belief from the Cognitive Science of Religion. An introductory chapter traces the connection between philosophy and religion throughout Western history, and a final chapter addresses the place of non-Western and non-monotheistic religions within contemporary philosophy of religion.
This is a textbook for an undergraduate course in probability and statistics. The approximate prerequisites are two or three... More > semesters of calculus and some linear algebra. Students attending the class include mathematics, engineering, and computer science majors.
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IPSUR, Introduction to Probability and Statistics Using R, is a textbook written for an undergraduate course in probability and statistics. IPSUR is FREE, in the GNU sense of the word.
This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section.
To facilitate learning outcomes, three techniques have been used:
In short, the authors have attempted to bring psychology to life in ways that really matter to students while, at the same time, maintaining content and conceptual rigor, with a strong focus on the fundamental principles of empiricism and the scientific method.
This textbook represents the entire catalog of Noba topics. It contains 90 learning modules covering every area of psychology commonly taught in introductory courses. This book can be modified: feel free to rearrange or remove modules to better suit your specific needs. Please note that the publisher requires you to login to access and download the textbooks.
Read online or purchase low-cost copies at Noba.
Introduction to Sociology is intended for a one-semester introductory sociology course. Conceived of and developed by active sociology instructors, this up-to-date title and can be downloaded now by clicking on the "Get this book" button below. This online, fully editable and customizable title includes sociology theory and research; real-world applications; simplify and debate features; and learning objectives for each chapter.
More resources at OpenStax College.
This module is designed both to stand alone, but also to compliment a range of other open educational resources that are provided by the University of Nottingham in U-Now. Like these, this module is also available to University of Nottingham students as part of the Nottingham Advantage Award. We have been able to develop these online resources with the support of JISC, the UK’s expert organisation for digital and information technologies. The aim of this module is to provide students with an overview of current work and debates on the subject of Sustainability. Sustainability is a complex term that can mean different things to different people depending upon their cultural and subject backgrounds, and the context within which they live and work.
Literature Reviews for Education and Nursing Graduate Students is an open textbook designed for students in graduate-level nursing and education programs. Its intent is to recognize the significant role the literature review plays in the research process and to prepare students for the work that goes into writing one. Developed for new graduate students and novice researchers just entering into the work of a chosen discipline, each of the eight chapters covers a component of the literature review process. Students will learn how to form a research question, search existing literature, synthesize results and write the review. The book contains examples, checklists, supplementary materials, and additional resources. Literature Reviews for Education and Nursing Graduate Students is written by two librarians with expertise guiding students through research and writing assignments, and is openly licensed.
Was schreiben Schulbücher zum Thema Reformation? Wie deuten sie das Wirken Martin Luthers? Wie stellen sie die Rolle der katholischen Kirche? Das Buch reflektiert die Antworten auf diese Fragen im Licht geschichtsdidaktischer Diskurse.
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Mastering Strategic Management is designed to enhance student engagement in three innovative ways. The first is through visual adaptations of the key content in the book. It is well documented that many of today’s students are visual learners. To meet students’ wants and needs (and thereby create a much better teaching experience for professors), Mastering Strategic Management contains multiple graphic concept pages in ever section of every chapter of the book. Think of graphic concept pages as almost like info-graphics for key concepts in each section. This feature sets Mastering Strategic Management apart from any strategic management book on the market today. The second way the authors capture student interest through their textbook is by using a real-world company as the running example in each chapter. For example, Chapter 1 in Mastering Strategic Management utilizes Blackberry to harness the conceptual coverage of the chapter in a running, corporate, application to which students will relate. The third inventive way Mastering Strategic Management holds the attention of strategic management students is through the “strategy at the movies” feature in each chapter that links course concepts with a popular motion picture.
Print edition available from BCcampus OpenEd
Mastering Strategic Management is designed to enhance student engagement in three innovative ways. The first is through visual adaptations of the key content in the book. It is well documented that many of today’s students are visual learners. To meet students’ wants and needs (and thereby create a much better teaching experience for professors), Mastering Strategic Management contains multiple graphic concept pages in ever section of every chapter of the book. Think of graphic concept pages as almost like info-graphics for key concepts in each section. This feature sets Mastering Strategic Management apart from any strategic management book on the market today. The second way the authors capture student interest through their textbook is by using a real-world company as the running example in each chapter. For example, Chapter 1 in Mastering Strategic Management utilizes Blackberry to harness the conceptual coverage of the chapter in a running, corporate, application to which students will relate. The third inventive way Mastering Strategic Management holds the attention of strategic management students is through the “strategy at the movies” feature in each chapter that links course concepts with a popular motion picture.
Print edition available from BCcampus OpenEd
Mastering Strategic Management is designed to enhance student engagement in three innovative ways. The first is through visual adaptations of the key content in the book. It is well documented that many of today’s students are visual learners. To meet students’ wants and needs (and thereby create a much better teaching experience for professors), Mastering Strategic Management contains multiple graphic concept pages in ever section of every chapter of the book. Think of graphic concept pages as almost like info-graphics for key concepts in each section. This feature sets Mastering Strategic Management apart from any strategic management book on the market today. The second way the authors capture student interest through their textbook is by using a real-world company as the running example in each chapter. For example, Chapter 1 in Mastering Strategic Management utilizes Blackberry to harness the conceptual coverage of the chapter in a running, corporate, application to which students will relate. The third inventive way Mastering Strategic Management holds the attention of strategic management students is through the “strategy at the movies” feature in each chapter that links course concepts with a popular motion picture.
Print edition available from BCcampus OpenEd
A survey of mathematics for the liberal arts major
Math in Society is a free, open textbook. This book is a survey of contemporary mathematical topics, most non-algebraic, appropriate for a college-level quantitative literacy topics course for liberal arts majors. The text is designed so that most chapters are independent, allowing the instructor to choose a selection of topics to be covered. Emphasis is placed on the applicability of the mathematics. Core material for each topic is covered in the main text, with additional depth available through exploration exercises appropriate for in-class, group, or individual investigation. This book is appropriate for Washington State Community Colleges' Math 107.
In September 2012, am Edition 2 of the book was posted, followed by a few typo revisions. The current version is 2.4. Additional material and print editions available at opentextbookstore.com
This award-winning text carefully leads the student through the basic topics of Real Analysis. Topics include metric spaces, open and closed sets, convergent sequences, function limits and continuity, compact sets, sequences and series of functions, power series, differentiation and integration, Taylor's theorem, total variation, rectifiable arcs, and sufficient conditions of integrability. Well over 500 exercises (many with extensive hints) assist students through the material.
For students who need a review of basic mathematical concepts before beginning "epsilon-delta"-style proofs, the text begins with material on set theory (sets, quantifiers, relations and mappings, countable sets), the real numbers (axioms, natural numbers, induction, consequences of the completeness axiom), and Euclidean and vector spaces; this material is condensed from the author's Basic Concepts of Mathematics, the complete version of which can be used as supplementary background material for the present text.
Mathematical Analysis II completes this series with material on measure and integration and calculus on normed linear spaces.
There is a list of errata that records changes made to the text since the version of May 20, 2004. Other pdf formats available at trillia.com
This final text in the Zakon Series on Mathematics Analysis follows the release of the author's Basic Concepts of Mathematics and the award-winning Mathematical Analysis I and completes the material on Real Analysis that is the foundation for later courses in functional analysis, harmonic analysis, probability theory, etc. The first chapter extends calculus to n-dimensional Euclidean space and, more generally, Banach spaces, covering the inverse function theorem, the implicit function theorem, Taylor expansions, etc. Some basic theorems in functional analysis, including the open mapping theorem and the Banach-Steinhaus uniform boundedness principle, are also proved. The text then moves to measure theory, with a complete discussion of outer measures, Lebesgue measure, Lebesgue-Stieltjes measures, and differentiation of set functions. The discussion of measurable functions and integration in the following chapter follows an innovative approach, carefully choosing one of the equivalent definitions of measurable functions that allows the most intuitive development of the material. Fubini's theorem, the Radon-Nikodym theorem, and the basic convergence theorems (Fatou's lemma, the monotone convergence theorem, dominated convergence theorem) are covered. Finally, a chapter relates antidifferentiation to Lebesgue theory, Cauchy integrals, and convergence of parametrized integrals. Nearly 500 exercises allow students to develop their skills in the area.
There is a list of errata that records changes made to the text since the version of December 18, 2009. Other formats available at Trillia.com
Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof is designed to be a text for the first course in the college mathematics curriculum that introduces students to the processes of constructing and writing proofs and focuses on the formal development of mathematics. The primary goals of the text are to help students:
• Develop logical thinking skills and to develop the ability to think more abstractly in a proof oriented setting.
• Develop the ability to construct and write mathematical proofs using standard methods of mathematical proof including direct proofs, proof by contradiction, mathematical induction, case analysis, and counterexamples.
• Develop the ability to read and understand written mathematical proofs.
• Develop talents for creative thinking and problem solving.
• Improve their quality of communication in mathematics. This includes improving writing techniques, reading comprehension, and oral communication in mathematics.
• Better understand the nature of mathematics and its language.
Another important goal of this text is to provide students with material that will be needed for their further study of mathematics.
This type of course has now become a standard part of the mathematics major at many colleges and universities. It is often referred to as a “transition course” from the calculus sequence to the upper-level courses in the major. The transition is from the problem-solving orientation of calculus to the more abstract and theoretical upper-level courses. This is needed today because many students complete their study of calculus without seeing a formal proof or having constructed a proof of their own. This is in contrast to many upper-level mathematics courses, where the emphasis is on the formal development of abstract mathematical ideas, and the expectations are that students will be able to read and understand proofs and be able to construct and write coherent, understandable mathematical proofs. Students should be able to use this text with a background of one semester of calculus.
This book will help you to understand elementary mathematics more deeply, gain facility with creating and using mathematical notation, develop a habit of looking for reasons and creating mathematical explanations, and become more comfortable exploring unfamiliar mathematical situations.
This is a calculus-based book meant for the first semester of the type of freshman survey course taken by engineering and physical science majors. A treatment of relativity is interspersed with the Newtonian mechanics, in optional sections. The book is designed so that it can be used as a drop-in replacement for the corresponding part of Simple Nature, for instructors who prefer a traditional order of topics. Simple Nature does energy before force, while Mechanics does force before energy. Simple Nature has its treatment of relativity all in a single chapter, rather than in parallel with the development of Newtonian mechanics.
Supplemental material and print edition are available.
This is the first edition of a modular open textbook designed for entrepreneurial journalism, media innovation, and related courses. This book has been undergoing student and faculty testing and open review in fall 2017. And you can add to it!
Chapters by Jake Batsell, CJ Cornell, Geoffrey Graybeal, Mike Green, Mark Poepsel, Jessica Pucci, Ingrid Sturgis, Betty Tsakarestou, Foreword by Jan Schaffer, Sidebars from Lori Benjamin, Dana Coester, Chris Dell, John Dille, Dalton Dellsperger, Amy Eisman, Francine Hardaway, Coury Turczyn, Georgann Yara, Interviews with Ebony Reed, Daniel Zayas, Research from Cheryl Cuillier
How do you want your child to feel about math? Confident, curious and deeply connected? Then Moebius Noodles is for you. It offers advanced math activities to fit your child’s personality, interests, and needs.
Can you enjoy playful math with your child? Yes! The book shows you how to go beyond your own math limits and anxieties to do so. It opens the door to a supportive online community that will answer your questions and give you ideas along the way.
Learn how you can create an immersive rich math environment for your baby. Find out ways to help your toddler discover deep math in everyday experiences. Play games that will develop your child’s sense of happy familiarity with mathematics.
A five-year-old once asked us, “Who makes math?” and jumped for joy at the answer, “You!” Moebius Noodles helps you take small, immediate steps toward the sense of mathematical power.
You and your child can make math your own. Together, make your own math!
This book series is for anybody who is curious about motion in nature. How do hings, people, animals, images and empty space move? The answer leads o many adventures; this volume presents the best ones about everyday motion. Carefully observing everyday motion allows us to deduce six essential statements: everyday motion is continuous, conserved, relative, reversible, mirror-invariant – and lazy. Yes, nature is indeed lazy: in every motion, it minimizes change. This text explores how these six results are deduced and how they fit with all those observations that seem to contradict them.
This book series is for anybody who is curious about motion in nature. How do things, people, animals, images and empty space move? The answer leads to many adventures, and this volume presents the best ones when exploring everything electric. They lead from the weighing of electric current to the use of magnetic fields to heal bone fractures and up to the use of light to cut metals and the understanding of the human brain.
In the structure of physics, motion due to electricity is the most fascinating aspect of the starting point at the bottom. Indeed, almost everything around us is due to electric processes. The present introduction to electricity, magnetism, light and the brain is the third of a six-volume overview of physics that arose from a threefold aim that I have pursued since 1990: to present motion in a way that is simple, up to date and captivating.
This book series is for anybody who is curious about motion in nature. How do things, people, animals, images and empty space move? The answer leads to many adventures, and this volume presents those about motion inside everyday matter, inside people and animals, and inside stars and nuclei. Motion inside bodies – dead or alive – is tiny: thus it is described by quantum theory.
Quantum theory describes all motion with the quantum of action ħ, the smallest change observed in nature. Building on this basic idea, the text first shows how to describe life, death and pleasure. Then, the text explains the observations of chemistry, materials sci- ence, astrophysics and particle physics. In the structure of physics, these topics corres- pond to the three ‘quantum’ points in Figure 1. The story of motion found inside living cells, inside the coldest gases and throughout the hottest stars is told here in a way that is simple, up to date and captivating.
This book series is for anybody who is curious about motion in nature. How do things, people, animals, images and empty space move? The answer leads to many adventures. This volume presents the best ones about extremely fast, powerful and distant motion. In the exploration of motion – physics – special and general relativity make up two important stages.
Special relativity is the exploration of nature’s speed limit, c. General relativity is the exploration of the force limit c4/4G. The text shows that in both domains, all results follow from these two limit values. In particular, cosmology is the exploration of motion near nature’s distance limit 1/√Λ . This simple, intuitive and unusual way of learning relativity should reward the curiosity of every reader – whether student or professional.
The present volume is the second of a six-volume overview of physics that arose from a threefold aim that I have pursued since 1990: to present motion in a way that is simple, up to date and captivating.
In order to be simple, the text focuses on concepts, while keeping mathematics to the necessary minimum. Understanding the concepts of physics is given precedence over using formulae in calculations. The whole text is within the reach of an undergraduate.
In order to be up to date, the text is enriched by the many gems – both theoretical and empirical – that are scattered throughout the scientific literature.
In order to be captivating, the text tries to startle the reader as much as possible. Read- ing a book on general physics should be like going to a magic show. We watch, we are astonished, we do not believe our eyes, we think, and finally we understand the trick. When we look at nature, we often have the same experience. Indeed, every page presents at least one surprise or provocation for the reader to think about.
The motto of the text, die Menschen stärken, die Sachen klären, a famous statement on pedagogy, translates as: ‘To fortify people, to clarify things.’ Clarifying things – and adhering only to the truth – requires courage, as changing the habits of thought produces fear, often hidden by anger. But by overcoming our fears we grow in strength. And we experience intense and beautiful emotions. All great adventures in life allow this, and exploring motion is one of them. Enjoy it.
This book series is for anybody who is curious about motion in nature. How do things, people, animals, images and empty space move? The answer leads to many adventures, and this volume presents those due to the discovery that there is a smallest possible change value in nature. This smallest change value, the quantum of action, leads to what is called quantum physics. In the structure of modern physics, quantum physics covers four of eight points. The present volume introduces the foundations of quantum theory, explains the structure of atoms and the appearance of probabilities, wave functions and colours.
The present introduction to quantum physics arose from a threefold aim I have pursued since 1990: to present the basics of quantum motion in a way that is simple, up to date and captivating.
Children are inherently musical. They respond to music and learn through music. Music expresses children’s identity and heritage, teaches them to belong to a culture, and develops their cognitive well-being and inner self worth. As professional instructors, childcare workers, or students looking forward to a career working with children, we should continuously search for ways to tap into children’s natural reservoir of enthusiasm for singing, moving and experimenting with instruments. But how, you might ask? What music is appropriate for the children I’m working with? How can music help inspire a well-rounded child? How do I reach and teach children musically? Most importantly perhaps, how can I incorporate music into a curriculum that marginalizes the arts?
This book explores a holistic, artistic, and integrated approach to understanding the developmental connections between music and children. This book guides professionals to work through music, harnessing the processes that underlie music learning, and outlining developmentally appropriate methods to understand the role of music in children’s lives through play, games, creativity, and movement. Additionally, the book explores ways of applying music-making to benefit the whole child, i.e., socially, emotionally, physically, cognitively, and linguistically.
Read online at Open SUNY.
In 2006 faculty of the Conservatory of Music wrote and published their own textbook for Core Curriculum 1.3 (CC 1.3), Music: Its Language, History, and Culture. Published by Kendall-Hunt, the reader was bundled with a subscription to the Rhapsody music streaming service. The reader and music service were to give a skeletal structure for all instructors of CC 1.3 for the development of course content focusing on the individual musical strengths and interests of each instructor. We also wanted to keep the costs to students as low as possible by not taking any royalties. The result was a book and music service priced in the $60 range when a brief edition of a standard music appreciation text with CDs was priced around $140.
In 2014 our contract with Kendall-Hunt was fulfilled and in the spirit of our original concept we decided to make the reader, now used for Music 1300, available as a free PDF book under Creative Commons share and share alike licensing. This, along with the use of free (advertising supported) streaming music services, like Spotify, allows us to offer primary course materials to our students in Music 1300 at no cost to them. An interactive online version is available.
Native Peoples of North America is intended to be an introductory text about the Native peoples of North America (primarily the United States and Canada) presented from an anthropological perspective. As such, the text is organized around anthropological concepts such as language, kinship, marriage and family life, political and economic organization, food getting, spiritual and religious practices, and the arts. Prehistoric, historic and contemporary information is presented. Each chapter begins with an example from the oral tradition that reflects the theme of the chapter. The text includes suggested readings, videos and classroom activities.
Nursing Care at the End of Life: What Every Clinician Should Know should be an essential component of basic educational preparation for the professional registered nurse student. Recent studies show that only one in four nurses feel confident in caring for dying patients and their families and less than 2% of overall content in nursing textbooks is related to end-of-life care, despite the tremendous growth in palliative and end-of-life care programs across the country. The purpose of this textbook is to provide an indepth look at death and dying in this country, including the vital role of the nurse in assisting patients and families along the journey towards the end of life. There is an emphasis throughout the book on the simple, yet understated value of effective interpersonal communication between the patient and clinician. The text provides a basic foundation of understanding death and dying, including a brief historical examination of some main conceptual models associated with how patients cope with impending loss. An overview of illness trajectories and models of care, such as hospice and palliative care are discussed. Lastly, the latest evidence-based approaches for pain and symptom management, ethical concerns, cultural considerations, care at the time of death, and grief/bereavement are examined. The goal of this text is to foster the necessary skills for nurses to provide compassionate care to individuals who are nearing the end of life and their families. Every chapter contains a “What You Should Know” section which highlights and reinforces foundational concepts.
Affordable education. Transparent science. Accessible scholarship.
These ideals are slowly becoming a reality thanks to the open education, open science, and open access movements. Running separate—if parallel—courses, they all share a philosophy of equity, progress, and justice. This book shares the stories, motives, insights, and practical tips from global leaders in the open movement.
Print edition available for purchase via Ubiquity Press.
Affordable education. Transparent science. Accessible scholarship.
These ideals are slowly becoming a reality thanks to the open education, open science, and open access movements. Running separate—if parallel—courses, they all share a philosophy of equity, progress, and justice. This book shares the stories, motives, insights, and practical tips from global leaders in the open movement.
Print edition available for purchase via Ubiquity Press.
Patterns of Information Law is the coursepack assembled for a fall 2016 intellectual property survey at Cornell Tech. (It draws heavily on materials used in prior semesters at the University of Maryland and at New York Law School.)
Please see the Introduction for a detailed explanation of what this book is about. In brief, here are the authors' commitments:
If you disagree with these choices, this probably isn’t the book for you. Whatever utility, however slight, you find in these pages will make the author happy.
Be warned that this casebook is being provided as-is. It contains numerous formatting errors — and probably contains numerous substantive errors.
James Grimmelmann is a law professor at Cornell Tech and Cornell Law School. He studirs how laws regulating software affect freedom, wealth, and power and tries to help lawyers and technologists understand each other by writing about digital copyright, search engines, privacy on social networks, online governance, and other topics in computer and Internet law.
Physical Geology is a comprehensive introductory text on the physical aspects of geology, including rocks and minerals, plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, glaciation, groundwater, streams, coasts, mass wasting, climate change, planetary geology and much more. It has a strong emphasis on examples from western Canada, especially British Columbia, and also includes a chapter devoted to the geological history of western Canada. The book is a collaboration of faculty from Earth Science departments at Universities and Colleges across British Columbia and elsewhere.
An introduction to astronomy written with a historical perspective. Stargazers deals with the world of gravity – of massive planets and stars, and the way spaceflight is achieved despite their strong pull.
To access a customizable version of this book, as well as other interactive content, visit www.ck12.org
The complete “Stargazers to Starships” collection includes such parts as a 14-part overview of the solar system, a “Math Refresher,” translations to French, Spanish and Italian, lesson plans, 500 answered questions by users, a detailed timeline and much more, all linked from http://www.phy6.org/stargaze/Sintro.htm.
Having already transitioned to using the OpenStax Principles of Microeconomics textbook for his sections of this high-enrollment ECON 131 course, John committed time to adapting the text for students in Hawaii. He replaced images and rewrote passages to support the understanding of concepts, covering them in local context. A set of assessment items were converted to H5P and embedded as interactive practice opportunities aligned with learning objectives for the course.