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Le chiese duplices dell'Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme (secoli XII-XIII)
Roberta Guzzetti
2022
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Diversi centri monastici eretti dall’Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme tra i secoli XII-XIII presentano la peculiare caratteristica di disporre di due aule di culto - liturgicamente autonome - sovrapposte una all’altra. Per quale motivo i Giovanniti impiegarono tale soluzione architettonica? Seguirono un’iconografia architettonica o fu una risposta a delle necessità pratiche? Un’analisi interdisciplinare e funzionalistica permette di rispondere a tali quesiti. Riconducendo gli aspetti estetici e materiali agli elementi funzionali e al contesto storico è possibile comprendere le funzioni dei monasteri, il loro ruolo all'interno dell’area geografica e le modalità di utilizzo degli spazi da parte dei diversi gruppi di fruitori. This research focuses on the analysis of two-storey churches commissioned by the Order of St. John of Jerusalem around the 12th and 13th centuries, which have the peculiar characteristic of having two independent worship rooms superimposed one on top of the other. The reason why the Hospitallers decided to lean towards the two-storey solution is the main question of this work, and more specifically, whether it should be seen as a response to an architectural iconography or purely to practical needs. Through an interdisciplinary methodological approach, which links the aesthetic and material aspects to the functional elements and to the historical background, it is possible to understand the functions of the monasteries, their role within the region in which they arose and the ways in which the different groups of believers used the spaces.
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Keywords
- Doppelkirche
- Johanniterorden
- Mittelalter
- Muristan
- Sakralbau
- San Giovanni di Prè
- thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMN Architecture: religious buildings
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history::NHDJ European history: medieval period, middle ages
- Wölchingen
Links
DOI: 10.25593/978-3-96147-532-2Editions