This book examines how the British Right responded to the national crisis of confidence that defined the Edwardian years (1901-1914). It analyses the mobilization of nationalist organisations, citizen policing groups, and paramilitary formations that claimed the right to protect Britain from perceived internal and external threats. While historians have examined this surge of right-wing extremism within and outside the Tory Party, they often overlooked how this 'rebellion on the right' gave rise to a ‘culture of violence’. Drawing on extensive documentary sources, the book explores the belief systems and practices of right-wing actors pursuing military preparedness, ‘racial regeneration’ and imperial unity. Though their primary aims varied, these groups were united by a compulsive preoccupation with the perceived decline of the national community, and by a form of radical nationalism that imposed upon citizens the duty to take direct action for their nation. The study underscores their preparedness to resort to violent measures for the suppression of political, social, or cultural deviance. Furthermore, by elevating war to the status of an 'index' of national health, the Right preached the martial virtues of self-sacrifice and worked to preserve the ‘primal instincts of violence’ among British male youth. The book contributes to historical scholarship by recovering a largely forgotten network of organisations bound by fears of national decadence. In doing so, it illuminates the powerful tensions and authoritarian impulses that characterized right-wing and conservative imaginaries in the volatile Edwardian period.

This book is included in DOAB.