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China’s Date Debate is an in-depth investigation of the Chinese Communist Party’s remapping of China’s World War II timeline from eight years (1937–1945) to fourteen years (1931–1945). Instead of the previously accepted starting date of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937, the Chinese Communist Party defined the war’s starting date as the Mukden Incident on September 18, 1931, which triggered the Japanese Kwantung Army’s invasion of Manchuria. Since the 1980s, scholars from Manchuria have demanded a fourteen-year war timeline to encompass the invasion of their homeland. By the 1990s, other scholars took notice and started to counter with claims that the eight-year timeline was the more accurate. Subsequently, a fierce “date debate” emerged between the two sides that was only resolved by the 2017 proclamation from the Ministry of Education. Emily Matson demonstrates that the decision to set China’s World War II timeline at fourteen years was not merely a top-down decision, but was influenced by decades of Manchurian scholarship on the war. China’s Date Debate recenters Manchuria as a region of critical importance for China’s national identity today and the implications of this “date debate” on the Chinese Communist Party’s domestic legitimacy and international image.
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Keywords
- 20th century China
- Century of Humiliation
- Chinese academics
- Chinese Communist Party
- Chinese historians
- Communist Party of China
- Dongbei
- Historical memory
- Manchuria
- Mao Zedong
- Maoism
- Marco Polo Bridge Incident
- marxism
- modern Chinese history
- Mukden Incident
- Nationalism
- Patriotic education
- People's Republic of China
- Rejuvenation narrative
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history::NHWR Specific wars and campaigns::NHWR7 Second World War
- Victim narrative
- Victor narrative
- War of Resistance against Japan
- World War II
- WWII
- Xi Jinping
Links
DOI: 10.3998/mpub.14526313Editions