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During the First World War, conflicts between the people’s sacrifices and their political participation led to crises of parliamentary legitimacy. This volume compares British, German, Swedish and Finnish debates on revolution, rule by the people, democracy and parliamentarism and their transnational links. The British reform, although more about winning the war than advancing democracy, restored parliamentary legitimacy, unlike in Germany, where Allied demands for democratisation made reform appear treasonous and fostered native German solutions. Sweden only adopted Western political models after major confrontations, but reforms saw it embark on its path to Social Democracy. In Finland, competing Russian revolutionary discourses and German- and Swedish-inspired appeals to legality brought about the deterioration of parliamentary legitimacy and a civil war. Only a republican compromise imposed by the Entente, following a royalist initiative in 1918, led to the construction of a viable polity.
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Keywords
- 20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000
- Bolsheviks
- bourgeoisie
- Democracy
- Europe
- European History
- Finland
- Geographical Qualifiers
- Germany
- History
- History: earliest times to present day
- Humanities
- parliamentarism
- political history
- Political Ideologies
- Political Science & Theory
- Politics & government
- reforms
- Regional & national history
- Revolution
- Social democracy
- Society & Social Sciences
- Sweden
- thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe
- thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999
- thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
- thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
- thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
Links
DOI: 10.21435/sfh.24web: http://oa.finlit.fi/site/books/10.21435/sfh.24/