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Neural Microelectrodes
Stuart F. Cogan and Joseph J. Pancrazio
2019
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Neural electrodes enable the recording and stimulation of bioelectrical activity in the nervous system. This technology provides neuroscientists with the means to probe the functionality of neural circuitry in both health and disease. In addition, neural electrodes can deliver therapeutic stimulation for the relief of debilitating symptoms associated with neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and may serve as the basis for the restoration of sensory perception through peripheral nerve and brain regions after disease or injury. Lastly, microscale neural electrodes recording signals associated with volitional movement in paralyzed individuals can be decoded for controlling external devices and prosthetic limbs or driving the stimulation of paralyzed muscles for functional movements. In spite of the promise of neural electrodes for a range of applications, chronic performance remains a goal for long-term basic science studies, as well as clinical applications. New perspectives and opportunities from fields including tissue biomechanics, materials science, and biological mechanisms of inflammation and neurodegeneration are critical to advances in neural electrode technology. This Special Issue will address the state-of-the-art knowledge and emerging opportunities for the development and demonstration of advanced neural electrodes.
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Keywords
- amorphous silicon carbide
- artifact
- bias
- bidirectional
- bio-inspired
- Biocompatibility
- BRAIN Initiative
- brain-machine interfaces
- brain–computer interface
- cellulose nanocrystals
- chronic
- chronic implantation
- closed-loop
- conscious recording
- Deep Brain Stimulation
- dextran
- Diversity
- Dopamine
- ECoG
- Education
- electrochemistry
- electrocorticography
- electrode
- electrode array
- electrode degradation
- electrode implantation
- electrode–tissue interface
- electroless plating
- Electrophysiology
- enteric nervous system
- fast scan cyclic voltammetry
- fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV)
- foreign body reaction
- freely-behaving
- gene modification
- glassy carbon electrode
- glial encapsulation
- Graphene
- History of engineering & technology
- Immune response
- immunohistochemistry
- impedance
- implantable
- in vivo electrophysiology
- in vivo imaging
- insertion force
- intracortical
- intracortical implant
- intracranial electrodes
- LED chip
- liquid crystal elastomer
- magnetic coupling
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- micro-electrocorticography
- micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)
- micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies
- microelectrode
- microelectrode array
- microelectrodes
- Microelectromechanical systems
- microfabrication
- microfluidic device
- micromachine
- microstimulators
- mixed-signal feedback
- multi-disciplinary
- Multiplexing
- n/a
- neural amplifier
- neural electrode array
- neural interface
- neural interface response
- neural interfaces
- neural interfacing
- neural probe
- neural prostheses
- neural recording
- neural stimulation and recording
- Neuromodulation
- neuronal recordings
- neuroprosthetics
- neuroscience
- neuroscientific research
- neurotechnology
- optogenetics
- Parylene C
- peripheral nerve stimulation
- peripheral nerves
- Photolithography
- polymer
- polymer nanocomposite
- precision medicine
- robust microelectrode
- sciatic nerve
- sensor interface
- shape memory polymer
- shape-memory-polymer
- silicon carbide
- silicon neural probes
- silicon probe
- softening
- stiffness
- System-on-Chip
- Technology, engineering, agriculture
- Technology: general issues
- temperature monitoring
- thermoresistance
- three-dimensional
- tissue response
- Training
- Utah electrode arrays
- vagus nerve
- windowed integration sampling
- wireless
- µECoG
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-03921-320-7Editions
