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Biological Crystallization
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For at least six hundred million years, life has been a fascinating laboratory of crystallization, referred to as biomineralization. During this huge lapse of time, many organisms from diverse phyla have developed the capability to precipitate various types of minerals, exploring distinctive pathways for building sophisticated structural architectures for different purposes. The Darwinian exploration was performed by trial and error, but the success in terms of complexity and efficiency is evident. Understanding the strategies that those organisms employ for regulating the nucleation, growth, and assembly of nanocrystals to build these sophisticated devices is an intellectual challenge and a source of inspiration in fields as diverse as materials science, nanotechnology, and biomedicine. However, “Biological Crystallization” is a broader topic that includes biomineralization, but also the laboratory crystallization of biological compounds such as macromolecules, carbohydrates, or lipids, and the synthesis and fabrication of biomimetic materials by different routes. This Special Issue collects 15 contributions ranging from biological and biomimetic crystallization of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and silica-carbonate self-assembled materials to the crystallization of biological macromolecules. Special attention has been paid to the fundamental phenomena of crystallization (nucleation and growth), and the applications of the crystals in biomedicine, environment, and materials science.
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Keywords
- adsorption
- agarose
- balance between crystal bond energy and destructive surface energies
- barium carbonate
- biochemical aspects of the protein crystal nucleation
- biomedicine
- biomimetic crystallization
- biomimetic materials
- biomineralization
- biomorphs
- bioprecipitation
- bioremediation
- bond selection during protein crystallization
- calcein
- calcium carbonate
- Campylobacter consisus
- chitosan
- circular dichroism
- classical and two-step crystal nucleation mechanisms
- colistin resistance
- color change
- Crohn’s disease
- Cry protein crystals
- Crystal growth
- crystal violet
- Crystallization
- crystallization in solution flow
- crystallization of macromolecules
- Crystallography
- Csep1p
- Diffusion
- droplet array
- Drug Discovery
- dyes
- Education
- ependymin (EPN)
- ependymin-related protein (EPDR)
- equilibration between crystal bond and destructive energies
- ferritin
- gradients
- Graphene
- Growth
- GTL-16 cells
- H3O+
- halide-binding site
- Haloalkane dehalogenase
- heavy metal contamination
- Heavy metals
- high-throughput
- human carbonic anhydrase IX
- Insulin
- L-tryptophan
- lithium ions
- lysozyme
- mammalian ependymin-related protein (MERP)
- Materials science
- MCR-1
- metallothioneins
- micro-crystals
- microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP)
- microseed matrix screening
- MTT assay
- N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
- nanoapatites
- nanocomposites
- neutron protein crystallography
- Nucleation
- optimization
- PCDA
- polyacrylic acid
- polymyxin resistance
- protein crystal nucleation
- protein crystal nucleation in pores
- protein crystallization
- protein ‘affinity’ to water
- proteinase k
- pyrrole
- random microseeding
- reductants
- seeding
- silica
- solubility
- supersaturation dependence of the crystal nucleus size
- thermodynamic and energetic approach
- ultrasonic irradiation
- vaterite transformation
- wastewater treatment
- {00.1} calcite
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-03921-404-4Editions
