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Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)
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As it is a goal to eliminate human African trypanosomiasis (HAT; sleeping sickness) as a public health problem by 2020 and interrupt transmission by 2030, this is a good moment to reflect on what we have achieved, what we want to achieve, and what could get in our way. HAT has a reputation for spectacular reappearances, and the latest peak of 40,000 reported and over 300,000 estimated cases only dates back to 1998. Efforts of the WHO and partners as well as the development of simpler and much better-tolerated treatments, improved diagnostics, and vector control tools made it possible to reduce this number by 95%. Case identification and confirmation remain complex and require specific skills, treatment remains error-prone and reports on long-term survivors have emerged, and the relevance of the animal reservoir for T. b. gambiense HAT needs clarification. In addition, to win the “end game” against this massively stigmatized disease, the human factor will play a key role. This Special Issue addresses many of the burning topics about disease elimination in its 12 research and 7 review articles and one case study. The papers critically reflect the approaches used, investigate the mentioned challenges, and propose novel approaches and interventions from various points of view.
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Keywords
- (+)-spectaline
- acoziborole
- active follow-up strategy
- adverse event
- African sleeping sickness
- African trypanosomiasis
- animal reservoirs
- Apoptosis
- association study
- Autophagy
- blood–brain barrier
- brain permeability
- case detection
- CATT positive serological suspects
- chemotherapy
- clinical research
- cross-talk
- development of treatment
- Diagnosis
- disease elimination
- disease eradication
- donor policy
- DR Congo
- Drug Discovery
- drug resistance
- Drugs
- elimination
- embodiment
- encephalopathy
- Epidemiology & medical statistics
- eradication
- Expertise
- fexinidazole
- flagellar pocket
- frontline workers
- g-HAT
- Haemoparasites
- health system strengthening
- High-Throughput Screening
- History
- home-based treatment
- human Africa trypanosomiasis
- human African trypanosomiasis
- Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT)
- human leukocyte antigen
- Iron
- iso-6-spectaline
- medical history
- medical innovation
- medicine
- Medicine: General Issues
- melarsoprol
- mobile screening
- mydriasis
- n/a
- neglected tropical diseases
- neurological signs
- nutritional immunity
- oligosymptomatic HAT
- pafuramidine
- patient-centred care
- Pharmacology
- phenotypic drug screening
- political history
- product development partnerships
- Public health & preventive medicine
- qualitative methods
- r-HAT
- re-emergence
- Research and development
- sequelae
- Serendipity
- Serology
- sleeping sickness
- South Sudan
- suramin
- symptoms
- T. b. gambiense
- T. b. rhodesiense
- thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
- thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health and preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology and Medical statistics
- transferrin
- transferrin receptor
- Treatment
- treatment-seeking
- trypanosoma brucei
- Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
- Trypanosoma growth inhibitors
- trypanosomosis
- uganda
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-03928-964-6Editions