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Application of LC-MS/MS in the Mycotoxins Studies
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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by the fungi of different species (mainly Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium), with toxic effects for humans and animals. These mycotoxins can contaminate food and feed. The European Union (EU) has established the maximum permitted or recommended levels for well-known mycotoxins in different foodstuffs. However, there are other mycotoxins that are not included in the regulations: the “emerging mycotoxins” (whose toxicity is still not clear), and the “modified or masked mycotoxins” (produced as a consequence of a detoxification strategy of the host plant of the fungus or during food processing). These mycotoxins could pose a risk and should also be taken into account. In order to assure consumers’ health, analytical methods for the accurate determination of mycotoxins in different food matrices and feeds are required. In this sense, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) is a powerful tool for their unique identification and quantification. Moreover, the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) allows one to identify novel mycotoxins and targeted/untargeted approaches for study. This Special Issue compiles recent applications of LC–MS/MS in mycotoxin studies, as well as the development and validation of new analytical methods for their identification and quantification in different food matrices and feed, occurrence studies, and the biomonitoring of mycotoxins and their metabolites in biological fluids.
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Keywords
- aflatoxins
- agricultural regions
- Algeria
- Alternaria toxins
- Aspergillus
- beer
- biomarkers
- biomonitoring
- Brewing
- broiler chicken
- CBD capsule
- cereals
- co-occurrence
- collaborative study
- Compliance
- data independent SWATH
- deoxynivalenol
- dispersive solid phase extraction
- dispersive solid-phase extraction
- emergent mycotoxins
- exposure
- exposure assessment
- feed
- fluorescence detection
- food contaminants
- Fusarium
- glucuronidation
- grape
- high-resolution mass spectrometry
- high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)
- Human
- infant food
- isotopic dilution
- lanthanide complexes
- LC-HRMS
- LC-MS/MS
- LC-UV
- LC/MS/MS
- Liquid chromatography
- magnetic carbon nanotube composite
- Maize
- maize silage
- malting
- masked mycotoxins
- Mass Spectrometry
- matrix-matched
- medicine
- Metabolism
- microsomal incubation
- mixed feed rations
- modified QuEChERS
- moniliformin
- multi-mycotoxin
- mycotoxigenic fungi
- Mycotoxins
- n/a
- nutraceutical
- Pesticides
- phylogeny
- pig
- Q-Exactive Orbitrap
- QuEChERS
- rumen fluid
- solid-liquid extraction
- South Africa
- Stability
- sub-Saharan Africa
- total diet study
- traditional sorghum malts
- UHPLC-MS/MS
- UPLC-MS/MS
- urine
- zearalenone
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-03936-207-3Editions