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Volcanic Processes Monitoring and Hazard Assessment Using Integration of Remote Sensing and Ground-Based Techniques
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The monitoring of active volcanoes is a complex task based on multidisciplinary and integrated analyses that use ground, drones and satellite monitoring devices. Over time, and with the development of new technologies and increasing frequency of acquisition, the use of remote sensing to accomplish this important task has grown enormously. This is especially so with the use of drones and satellites for classifying eruptive events and detecting the opening of new vents, the spreading of lava flows on the surface or ash plumes in the atmosphere, the fallout of tephra on the ground, the intrusion of new magma within the volcano edifice, and the deformation preceding impending eruptions, and many other factors. The main challenge in using remote sensing techniques is to develop automated and reliable systems that may assist the decision maker in volcano monitoring, hazard assessment and risk reduction. The integration with ground-based techniques represents a valuable additional aspect that makes the proposed methods more robust and reinforces the results obtained. This collection of papers is focused on several active volcanoes, such as Stromboli, Etna, and Volcano in Italy; the Long Valley caldera and Kilauea volcano in the USA; and Cotopaxi in Ecuador.
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Keywords
- 1877 eruption
- ash plume
- ash plume height
- automated detection
- cinder cone instability
- classification of mild Strombolian events
- CO2 flux
- Cotopaxi volcano
- deformation and gravity joint inversion
- Digital Elevation Models
- drone-imagery
- early warning applications
- effusive activity
- eruption precursors
- Etna volcano
- extensive parameters
- FEM
- geochemical crisis
- geodetic dataset
- geological mapping
- ground and remote sensing monitoring
- ground deformation
- ground-based thermal imagery
- ground-based visible and thermal imagery
- heat flux
- heterogenous crust
- History of engineering & technology
- integrated DInSAR and GNSS time series
- intrusion density
- lahar hazard assessment
- Landsat 8 satellite images
- lava delta
- lava fountain
- Lava fountains
- LiDAR
- Long Valley Caldera
- major explosive events
- mass discharge rate time-series
- mass eruption rate
- morphological monitoring
- n/a
- Natural Hazards
- neural networks
- numerical modeling
- paroxysmal explosions
- paroxysmal explosive and effusive episodes
- paroxysmal explosive eruptions
- Pleiades
- plume height
- primary lahars
- pyroclastic density currents
- Remote sensing
- repeated bathymetric surveys
- satellite thermal imagery
- seismo-acoustic signals
- self-organizing map
- slope failure
- SO2 flux
- source parameters
- Stromboli volcano
- Technology, engineering, agriculture
- Technology: general issues
- tephra
- topography correction
- total erupted mass
- total grain-size distribution
- volcanic deformation
- volcanic hazard
- volcano deformation
- volcano monitoring
- Vulcano Island
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-5120-3Editions