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A Commemorative Issue in Honor of Centennial of the Discovery of Vitamin D-The Central Role of Vitamin D in Physiology
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This reprint is about vitamin D, a molecule that can be absorbed from certain foods, such as fatty fish, which can also be produced endogenously when we expose our skin to sufficient doses of ultraviolet B radiation. When vitamin D is metabolized into 1,25(OH)2D3 (also called calcitriol), it acts as a high-affinity ligand for the transcription factor VDR, i.e., it has direct effects on gene regulation. The key physiological functions of vitamin D are the regulation of calcium homeostasis, which is essential for bone mineralization, and the modulation of the immune system by stimulating innate immunity and preventing overreactions of adaptive immunity. This reprint presents recent developments and the latest research in the fascinating broad range of today’s vitamin D biology, from evolution to systems biology.
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Keywords
- 1,25-(OH)2D3
- 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
- 1α-hydroxylase
- 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
- 25(OH)D3
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase
- 3D structure
- Absorption
- ACE2
- acute myeloid leukemia
- all-trans-retinoic acid
- analogs
- anti-inflammatory
- antitumor action
- blast
- bone
- Brain
- Breast cancer
- calcium homeostasis
- case-control studies
- Cell Differentiation
- Chromatin
- cohort studies
- colorectal cancer
- coregulators
- COVID-19
- CYP24A1
- Development
- Diet
- differentiation
- differentiation and mineralization
- Diffusion
- disease mechanisms
- ecological studies
- Energy Metabolism
- epidemiological studies
- Epigenome
- Evolution
- Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
- food fortification
- fracture repair
- genetic risk
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- gestational diabetes
- heritability
- Homeostasis
- hybrids and VDR nonsecosteroidal ligands
- hypercalcemia
- idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia
- IL6
- IL8
- Immune system
- Immunomodulation
- infantile hypercalcemia type 1
- Inflammation
- Influenza
- intestine
- klotho
- lumisterol
- Lung
- McCollum
- medicine
- megalin
- Mendelian Randomization
- metabolites
- migration of Homo sapiens
- Mitochondria
- molecular recognition
- month of birth
- Mpro
- muscle
- n/a
- Neuroprotection
- nongenomic response
- older adults
- osteoblasts
- ovarian cancer
- parathyroid hormone
- PDIA3
- personalized supplementation
- Physiology
- Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences
- Preeclampsia
- Pregnancy
- Preterm Birth
- proinflammatory cytokines
- prostate cancer
- protein–ligand interactions
- RAAS
- randomized controlled trials
- RdRp
- rickets
- SARS-CoV-2
- single high dose
- structural analysis
- Sunlight
- Systems Biology
- target genes
- TNF
- transcellular
- transcriptome
- Ultraviolet radiation
- UVB
- VDR
- Vitamin D
- vitamin D analogs
- vitamin D deficiency
- vitamin D metabolism
- vitamin D receptor
- vitamin D signaling
- vitamin D2
- vitamin D3
- vitamin D3 supplementation
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-6919-2Editions