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Insect Microbiome and Immunity
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Insects are the most diverse group of organisms, representing approximately 80 percent of the world's species. It is estimated that there are some ten quintillion individual insects alive. During millions of years of evolution, insects developed extraordinary adaptations that allowed them to reside in different habitats. As with all other organisms, insects encounter a wide range of microbes. Although lacking adaptive immunity, they rely on robust innate immune systems to combat these microbes to maintain organismal homeostasis. Conversely, some microbial communities can benefit the host and profoundly affect the host's physiology and overall fitness. Microbiotas have been proven to provide nutrients, promote host defense, and mediate host reproductive behavior. In recent decades, the emergence of high-throughput sequencing has enabled researchers to study host–microbe interactions from the whole microbiome level rather than single microbial species, greatly expanding our knowledge of insect biology.
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Keywords
- 16S rRNA
- 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing
- 16S rRNA sequencing
- Actinobacteria
- actinomycetes
- albomycin
- alimentary canal
- Ants
- bacterial infection
- bacterial symbionts
- Bactrocera dorsalis
- brown planthopper
- CAZymes
- cellulose digestibility
- defensive symbiosis
- detoxifying enzymes
- developmental stage
- Diaphorina citri
- Ensifera
- environmental habitat
- feeding habits
- fungal entomopathogen
- fungicide
- fungivore
- Grasshopper
- gut immunity
- gut microbes
- gut microbiome
- Gut Microbiota
- harvester ants
- host diet
- host gut microbiota
- host regulation
- host species
- host-parasite-microbe interactions
- IMD pathway
- innate immunity
- insect immune system
- insect microbiota
- insecticide resistance
- KEGG
- medicine
- Messor orientalis
- Messor structor
- metagenomic
- microbial diversity
- Nub
- Ostrinia furnacalis
- parasitoids
- PGRPs
- plant pathogens
- plant secondary substance
- Spodoptera frugiperda
- Streptomyces globisporus subsp. globisporus
- the antibacterial peptide
- Typhaea stercorea
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-6869-0Editions