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Resistencias Campesinas en los espacios rurales de América y Europa en la Edad Moderna
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The chapters in this volume revolve around four fundamental axes corresponding to exercises of peasant resistance in rural areas on both sides of the Atlantic in the Ancien Régime. Particular emphasis is placed on the metropolitan and overseas territories of the Iberian powers (Portugal and the Hispanic Monarchy) which predominate over all others: 1) Slavery and indigenism: In the American territories under the domination of the Iberian powers, these functioned as catalysts for violent (or non-violent) protests against conditions of exploitation and domination, always from Europe to the Americas (and not the reverse); 2) Taxation: One of the most recognizable elements in peasant acts of resistance against rentier institutions (mainly the Church and Nobility) and the modern States themselves. In this regard, the resistance to paying taxes, services and rents—almost always in kind, drawn from the peasantry’s harvests, generally poor and periodically in deficit according to agrarian conditions—was decisive; 3) Land ownership: As the primary means of production for the peasantry, land—which they worked but did not own—was the object of continuous struggles and disputes for full acquisition, as peasants sought to free themselves from oppressive burdens, materialized in agrarian contracts, which were one of the socioeconomic pillars of the unjust estate-based society; and 4) Administration: Against the power structures of the Ancien Régime, especially the Church and the State (in all their institutions and competences, from the Court and Legislation to villages, cities and rural councils at the local administrative level, and in both government and justice), peasants habitually resisted normative discipline, religious orthodoxy, and reforms of cultural behaviors and practices contrary to the interests or morality of these entities.
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Keywords
- Esclavismo
- Espacios rurales
- Estado
- indigenismo
- Monarquía Hispánica
- Resistencia campesina
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
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DOI: 10.22429/Euc2024.019Editions