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Design of Alloy Metals for Low-Mass Structures
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Nowadays, 25% of materials used are metals, and this ratio is not expected to decrease, as metals are indispensable for many applications due to their high resistance to temperature. The only handicap of metals is their relatively higher density with respect to composites. Lightening of metallic structures is possible in three ways: (i) employing low density metals, (ii) developing new ones, and (iii) increasing the yield strength of existing high-density metals. The Laboratory of Excellence of the Lorraine University in France, called ‘Design of Alloy Metals for Low-Mass Structures’, is working to lighten metal via metallurgical means. Two leading research laboratories compose this Laboratory of Excellence within the Lorraine University: the Laboratory of Microstructure Studies and Mechanics of Materials (LEM3), based in Metz, and the Jean Lamour Institute (IJL), located in Nancy. In this Special Issue, they report on some of their major progress in the different fields of metallurgy and mechanics of metallic materials. There are articles in the three major fields of metallurgy: physical, chemical, and mechanical metallurgy. All scales are covered, from atomistic studies to real-scale metallic structures.
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Keywords
- 3D surface maps
- acoustic emission
- aggregation
- Al-Cu-Li alloys
- analytical modelling
- anisotropy
- APT and TEM characterization
- architected cellular material
- asymmetric ratio
- austenite reconstruction
- back pressure
- bainite
- Bifurcation theory
- clusters precipitation
- CO2 emissions
- collective dislocation dynamics
- crack nucleation
- crack opening displacement
- Creep
- Crystal plasticity
- crystallographic texture
- Deformation twinning
- dendritic grain size
- diffraction
- digital image correlation
- direct reduction
- Directional solidification
- disconnection density
- discrete green operator
- Dislocation
- dislocation density
- dislocations
- displacement discontinuity
- DRI
- ECAP
- ECCI
- elastic anisotropy
- elastic properties
- elastic/plastic incompatibilities
- elasto-visco-plastic self-consistent (EVPSC) scheme
- elasto-viscoplastic self-consistent scheme (EVPSC)
- ERNiCrFe-7
- excess nitrogen
- fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based method
- Fatigue
- Fe–Si and Fe–Cr nitrided alloys
- Finite element
- Finite Element (FE) simulation
- FM52 filler metal
- gas tungsten arc welding
- grain boundary sliding
- grain refinement
- grain size
- groove rolling
- H-activation
- hardening
- hardness
- heat and mass transfer
- heterogeneous kinetics
- HEXRD
- high entropy alloy
- History of engineering & technology
- HPT consolidation
- in situ experiments
- in situ X-ray diffraction
- industrial ingot
- Inoculation
- internal stresses
- iron ore
- ironmaking
- isothermal treatment
- lateral extrusion ratio
- lattice mismatch
- lattice structures
- localized necking
- magnesium
- magnesium powders
- martensite
- Mathematical model
- Mechanical properties
- metal matrix composite
- microsegregation
- Microstructure
- modeling
- multiscale finite element method
- nanoindentation
- nickel-based single crystal superalloy
- non-metallic inclusions
- non-Schmid effects
- numerical homogenization
- P
- Pd–10Au alloy
- phase transformation
- plastic flow machining
- Plasticity
- polycrystalline β-Ti
- Porous materials
- precipitation
- Q&
- Rolling
- scattered intensity
- self consistent methods
- shaft furnace
- shape memory alloys
- shear compression
- simulated diffraction peaks
- simulation
- slip activity
- solidification
- statistical analysis
- steel
- steel ladle
- strain hardening
- strain heterogeneity
- sub-voxel method
- Taylor multiscale scheme
- Technology, engineering, agriculture
- Technology: general issues
- TEM
- Texture
- thickness reduction per pass
- TiAl alloys
- tip undercooling
- Titanium
- titanium aluminides
- transition carbide
- Twinning
- TWIP steel
- variant
- voxelization artifacts
- VPSC
- X-ray diffractometry
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-03936-159-5Editions