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The Effects of LED Light Spectra and Intensities on Plant Growth
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Light is the main source of energy for the primary process that sustains life on our planet, known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the strategy adopted by many living organisms for capturing and incorporating energy, and it is under this context that light is primarily experienced, explored, and exploited. Plants perceive information from the ambient environment and communicate with other organisms using light. They have developed a plethora of photoreceptors that permit this communication with the surrounding environment. Additionally, the physical properties of light, such as the spectral quality, irradiance, intensity, and photoperiod, play an integral role in the morphogenesis, growth, and metabolism of many biochemical pathways in plants.To facilitate photosynthesis in controlled environments, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been shown to offer interesting prospects for use in plant lighting designs in controlled-environment agriculture (greenhouses) and growth chambers for in vitro cultures. In high-technology greenhouses (for instance, vertical agriculture), artificial light may assume both assimilative (optimizing photosynthetic efficiency) and control functionality (guiding growth and development or the synthesis and accumulation of plant metabolites). In vitro cultures are regulated by different factors, and among them, light is the most important.
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Keywords
- Adaption
- alfalfa
- alkaloid content
- Arabidopsis thaliana
- artificial lighting
- ascorbic acid
- Bacterial growth
- bell pepper
- Biology, Life Sciences
- biomass efficacy
- blue LED
- blue light
- blue photon flux density
- Botany & plant sciences
- callus
- canopy size
- carbon isotope discrimination
- carotenoids
- chlorophyll fluorescence
- chlorophylls
- circadian rhythms
- CoeLux®
- confined environment
- Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber)
- daily light integral
- daily light integral (DLI)
- elicitation
- Energy consumption
- energy use efficiency
- Erwinia amylovora
- far-red illumination
- fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR)
- flavones
- flower bud formation
- fluorescent light
- Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don
- fruit set
- functional structural plant modelling
- gene regulation
- green light
- green-leaved lettuce
- greenhouse
- Growth
- growth analysis
- Growth and Development
- growth regulators
- hexacosanol
- host-pathogen interaction
- Hydroponics
- Image processing
- in vitro culture
- incident light
- indoor farming
- interlighting
- Internet of Things (IoT)
- intra-canopy illumination
- intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE)
- isoorientin
- Lactuca sativa
- led
- LED light
- LED lighting
- LED lights
- LED supplement
- LEDs
- light exposure
- light fluence rate
- light intensity
- light interception
- light quality
- light spectra
- light spectrum
- light use efficiency
- light-emitting diode
- light-emitting diode (LED)
- light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
- Low light
- Mathematics & science
- medicinal plant
- Medicinal plants
- metabolites
- MINT
- mizuna
- monoterpenes
- Morphology
- n/a
- number of flowers
- octacosanol
- Optimal Control
- optogenetics
- photomorphogenesis
- photoperiod
- photosensors
- photostationary state of phytochrome (PSS)
- Photosynthesis
- photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)
- Plant factory
- Plant in vitro cultures
- Plant morphology
- plant secondary metabolites
- plants cultivation
- projected canopy size
- protected horticulture
- quantum yield of photosystem II
- red light
- red-leaved lettuce
- Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects
- Research & information: general
- resistance genes
- root stock
- saponarin
- Scutellaria baicalensis
- silicon fertilizer
- sodium lamps
- solid phase microextraction (SPME)
- supplemental lighting in greenhouses
- thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
- thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
- thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
- tomato
- UV light
- volatile organic compounds
- water use efficiency
- yield photon flux (YPF)
Links
DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-7128-7Editions