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L’exploitation minière dans le sud-ouest de la Gaule entre le second âge du Fer et la période romaine. Le district de l’Arize dans son contexte régional
Emmanuelle Meunier
2023
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The exploitation of mining resources has been practised in all the mountainous massifs of south-western Gaul (Pyrenees, Corbières, Montagne Noire) at all periods. This book offers a synthesis about the mines of the Second Iron Age and the Roman period, for which the data has been largely renewed since the beginning of the year 2000’s. After a general presentation of the mining and metallurgical sites known in the region, the case of the argentiferous copper district of the northern front of the Arize Montains is discussed more specifically, with an account of the field results. This work led to the identification of the beginning of the activity between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, according to the calibrated radiocarbon dates obtained from the mines. This phase of exploitation, hitherto totally unknown for this district, echoes similar results obtained in other mines in the region and can be related to the widespread economic development observed throughout Celtic Europe in the 3rd century BC. These results lead to reconsider the importance of the late-Republican exploitation phase and the impact of the Roman takeover of the region on local mining production. These elements are taken up in a general discussion that gives an overview of the regional data compared to other known sites, in Gaul or the Iberian Peninsula, for the same chronologies. The data from mining archaeology is then related with the data available from the archaeological and historical contexts. This contributes to identify the dynamics at work in the evolution of mining in south-west Gaul and to better understand the modalities of the transition between the Second Iron Age world and the Roman Empire.
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Keywords
- Archaeology
- Bronze age
- Celtiberians
- Celts
- consumption
- Currency
- deposits
- economy
- Elite
- England
- Exchange
- Funerary
- Gauls
- Iberians
- Iron Age
- metrology
- Phoenicians
- Protohistory
- scales
- Spain
- Switzerland
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKP Environmental archaeology
- thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKT Industrial archaeology
- unit of measurement
- weight
- weight system
- Western Europe
Links
DOI: 10.46608/DANA10.9782356134974Editions